Table 3. Postoperative outcomes of patients whose drains were actually removed on the predefined postoperative day, and those of patients whose drains were not removed on the predefined postoperative day despite the fulfillment of the early removal criteria.
| Outcomes | Actually removed drains | Not removed drains | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| POD 3, N=77 (%) | POD 1, N=63 (%) | POD 3, N=7 (%) | POD 1, N=24 (%) | ||
| Duration of drainage (days) | 3 | 1 | 9.5 [7–53] | 4 [2–38] | |
| Postoperative hospital stay (days) | 11 [7–22] | 10 [6–37] | 11 [7–22] | 15 [7–31] | |
| Infection of drains | 1 (1.3) | 0 | 0 | 5 (20.8) | |
| Bile leakage defined by the ISGLS | 12 (15.6) | 1 (1.6) | 2 (28.6) | 5 (20.8) | |
| Grade A | 12 (15.6) | 0 | 1 (14.3) | 1 (4.2) | |
| Grade B | 0 | 1 (1.6) | 1 (14.3) | 4 (16.7) | |
| Grade C | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Puncture of fluid collection | 2 (2.6) | 2 (3.2) | 0 | 0 | |
| Clavien-Dindo classification (≥ grade III) | 2 (2.6) | 2 (3.2) | 0 | 2 (8.3) | |
POD, postoperative day; ISGLS, International Study Group of Liver Surgery.