Table 4. Univariate and multivariate analysis of factors for patients with recurrence and/or metastasis.
| Variables | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | 5-year OS (%) | P value | OR | 95% CI | P value | ||
| Sex | 0.870 | ||||||
| Female | 26 (13.4) | 57.7 | |||||
| Male | 168 (86.6) | 51.5 | |||||
| Age, years | 0.215 | ||||||
| <65 | 140 (72.2) | 55.4 | |||||
| ≥65 | 54 (27.8) | 44.4 | |||||
| Tumor size, cm | 0.509 | ||||||
| ≤5 | 136 (70.1) | 53.3 | |||||
| >5 | 58 (29.9) | 50 | |||||
| Histologic grade | 0.579 | ||||||
| Grade I | 13 (6.7) | 66.7 | |||||
| Grade II | 63 (32.5) | 57.1 | |||||
| Grade III | 111 (57.2) | 48.6 | |||||
| Grade IV | 7 (3.6) | 42.9 | |||||
| pT stage | 0.780 | 0.281 | |||||
| pT1 | 41 (21.1) | 62.5 | 1.000 | – | – | ||
| pT2 | 58 (29.9) | 50 | 1.131 | 0.421–3.041 | 0.807 | ||
| pT3 | 50 (25.8) | 44 | 0.701 | 0.243–2.023 | 0.511 | ||
| pT4 | 45 (23.2) | 55.6 | 1.767 | 0.641–4.875 | 0.271 | ||
| pN stage | 0.563 | 0.012 | |||||
| pN0 | 75 (38.7) | 71.6 | 1.000 | – | – | ||
| pN1 | 42 (21.6) | 50 | 1.041 | 0.404–2.682 | 0.934 | ||
| pN2 | 41 (21.1) | 34.1 | 3.300 | 1.210–8.998 | 0.020 | ||
| pN3 | 36 (18.6) | 36.1 | 0.784 | 0.278–2.209 | 0.645 | ||
| Gastrectomy | 0.991 | ||||||
| Total | 6 (3.1) | 16.7 | |||||
| Subtotal | 188 (96.9) | 52.3 | |||||
| Lymphadenectomy | 0.020 | 0.006 | |||||
| D2 | 100 (51.5) | 58.6 | 1.000 | – | – | ||
| D2+ | 61 (31.4) | 41 | 2.886 | 1.356–6.142 | 0.006 | ||
| D3 | 33 (17.0) | 54.5 | 3.043 | 1.277–7.255 | 0.012 | ||
| Number of LNs retrieved | 0.479 | ||||||
| Adequate, n≥16 | 96 (49.5) | 54.2 | |||||
| Inadequate, n<16 | 98 (50.5) | 50.5 | |||||
| Reconstruction type | 0.953 | ||||||
| Billroth I | 171 (88.1) | 57.1 | |||||
| Billroth II | 21 (10.8) | 19 | |||||
| Roux-Y | 2 (1.0) | 0 | |||||
| Chemotherapy | 0.473 | ||||||
| No | 171 (88.1) | 53.5 | |||||
| Yes | 23 (11.9) | 39.1 | |||||
| Complications† | 0.960 | ||||||
| Absent | 157 (80.9) | 53.8 | |||||
| Present | 37 (19.1) | 45.9 | |||||
| Blood loss, ml | 0.598 | 0.821 | |||||
| ≤200 | 138 (71.1) | 53.3 | 1.000 | – | – | ||
| >200 | 56 (28.9) | 50 | 0.917 | 0.432–1.945 | 0.821 | ||
| Lymphatic vessel invasion | 0.784 | 0.338 | |||||
| Negative | 82 (84.5) | 56.5 | 1.000 | – | – | ||
| Positive | 15 (15.5) | 35.9 | 1.599 | 0.612–4.157 | 0.338 | ||
| Anesthesia | 0.699 | ||||||
| GA | 97 (50.0) | 47.9 | |||||
| EGA | 97 (50.0) | 56.7 | |||||
†, including urinary infection/retention, delayed gastric emptying, intestinal obstruction/ileus, pneumonia, abdominal infection/abscess, wound infection/dehiscence, subphrenic infection/abscess, dumping syndrome, anastomotic fistula, postoperative hemorrhage, pancreatic fistula, and cholecystitis. LNs, lymph nodes; EGA, epidural plus general anesthesia; GA, general anesthesia; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence intervals; OS, overall survival.