Table 4.
Operative and postoperative outcomes in both total and propensity-score-matched cohort
| Perioperative | Total cohort | Propensity-score-matched cohort | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neoadjuvant therapy (n = 136) |
Upfront surgery (n = 1100) | P value | Neoadjuvant therapy (n = 94) |
Upfront surgery (n = 94) | P value | |
| Operative time, min, median (IQR) | 255 (210–313) | 240 (180–295) | 0.003 | 255 (210–306) | 229 (180–276) | 0.016 |
| Unknown | 1 | 42 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Blood loss, ml, median (IQR) | 325 (287–612) | 283 (100–500) | 0.017 | 350 (200–900) | 302 (150–700) | 0.214 |
| Unknown | 34 | 367 | 25 | 46 | ||
| Blood transfusion, n (%) | 15 (14.3) | 89 (9.8) | 0.154 | 11 (15.7) | 6 (10.7) | 0.414 |
| Unknown | 31 | 194 | 24 | 38 | ||
| Multivisceral resection, n (%) | 23 (18.0) | 169 (16.1) | 0.582 | 17 (18.1) | 15 (16.0) | 0.698 |
| Unknown | 8 | 48 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Vascular resection, n (%) | 23 (16.9) | 106 (9.6) | 0.009 | 12 (12.8) | 11 (11.7) | 0.824 |
| PV/SMV | 71 (6.5) | 14 (10.3) | 0.073 | 8 (8.5) | 8 (8.5) | 1.000 |
| Truncus coeliacus | 5 (3.7) | 10 (0.9) | 0.018 | 1 (1.1) | 1 (1.1) | 0.751 |
| Other | 1 (0.7) | 22 (2.0) | 0.260 | 1 (1.1) | 2 (2.1) | 0.561 |
| RAMPS, n (%) | 53 (48.6) | 335 (37.3) | 0.022 | 38 (48.1) | 37 (45.7) | 0.759 |
| Unknown | 27 | 203 | 15 | 13 | ||
| Postoperative | ||||||
| Major morbidity (CD ≥ 3a), n (%) | 17 (12.5) | 236 (21.5) | 0.015 | 10 (10.6) | 22 (23.4) | 0.020 |
| POPF grade B/C, n (%) | 15 (11.0) | 222 (20.2) | 0.010 | 9 (9.6) | 20 (21.3) | 0.026 |
| DGE grade B/C, n (%) | 7 (5.2) | 69 (6.4) | 0.586 | 5 (5.3) | 8 (8.5) | 0.388 |
| PPH grade B/C, n (%) | 2 (1.5) | 42 (3.9) | 0.160 | 0 (0.0) | 4 (4.3) | 0.061 |
| Surgical-site infection, n (%) | 6 (4.5) | 35(3.3) | 0.488 | 3 (3.2) | 6 (6.4) | 0.249 |
| Reintervention, n (%) | 12 (8.8) | 188 (17.1) | 0.013 | 6 (6.4) | 18 (19.1) | 0.009 |
| IC admission, n (%) | 25 (20.2) | 265 (25.8) | 0.172 | 16 (18.4) | 18 (20.0) | 0.786 |
| Hospital stay, days, median (IQR) | 9 (7–14) | 9 (7–14) | 0.561 | 8 (7–12) | 9 (7–12) | 0.317 |
| Readmission, n (%) | 8 (6.3) | 152 (14.8) | 0.008 | 5 (5.5) | 17 (18.3) | 0.008 |
| 90-Day mortality, n (%) | 3 (2.4) | 35 (3.7) | 0.467 | 2 (2.3) | 2 (2.5) | 0.923 |
| Adjuvant therapy, n (%) | 85 (75.9) | 677 (75.1) | 0.847 | 60 (75.0) | 61 (76.3) | 0.854 |
| Unknown | 24 | 198 | 14 | 14 | ||
| Disease-free survival, months (95% CI) | 16 (12–19) | 19 (15–22) | 0.260 | 18 (13–22) | 22 (11–32) | 0.073 |
| Recurrence, n (%) | 80 (68.4) | 507 (54.3) | 0.004 | 56 (68.3) | 45 (56.3) | 0.114 |
| 1-Year recurrence, n (%) | 37 (43.0) | 268 (42.6) | 0.942 | 26 (41.3) | 19 (38.8) | 0.789 |
| Unknown | 19 | 166 | 12 | 14 | ||
| Overall survival, months (95% CI) | 27 (19–34) | 28 (25–30) | 0.924 | 27 (14–39) | 31 (19–42) | 0.277 |
| 1-Year survival, n (%) | 91 (79.8) | 626 (76.8) | 0.473 | 68 (79.1) | 59 (84.3) | 0.405 |
| 3-Year survival, n (%) | 26 (31.0) | 172 (28.7) | 0.665 | 19 (30.6) | 23 (39.7) | 0.301 |
PV portal vein, SMV superior mesenteric vein, RAMPS radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy, CD Clavien–Dindo, POPF postoperative pancreatic fistula, DGE delayed gastric emptying, PPH postpancreatectomy hemorrhage, IC intensive care, CI confidence interval