Table 1.
Drivers of urban land expansion and their effects on different styles of urbanization, shown by standardized coefficients of linear models trained for the three styles.
| Urbanized | Steadily urbanizing | Rapidly urbanizing | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Change rate urban land (previous decade)a | 0.24 | 0.35 | 0.17 |
| Urban share of population (end of decade)a | −0.15 | −0.2 | −0.48 |
| Change rate urban population share (current decade)a | 0.09 | 0.25 | 0.09 |
| Change rate GDP (current decade) | −0.09 | −0.1 | |
| Change rate population size (previous decade) | 0.12 | 0.13 | |
| Land area | 0.08 | −0.14 |
aThese variables are used by a k-means clustering algorithm trained on historical data, to classify each country at the beginning of a decade into one of the three urban expansion styles.