Table 4.

Multivariable Analysis of Factors Associated with Reporting ≥ 1 Unprofessional Behaviors in the Last Year, with Overall Burnout Replaced by Either High Emotional Exhaustion or High Depersonalization

	OR (95% CI)	p value	Overall p value
≥ 1 Unprofessional behavior
High emotional exhaustion*	1.87 (1.37, 2.56)		< 0.0001
Male vs. female	0.95 (0.69, 1.32)		0.77
Age (for each year older)	0.98 (0.97, 0.99)		0.01
Internal medicine or pediatric subspecialty (vs. primary care)	1.07 (0.69, 1.67)	0.76	0.24
Other medical specialty (vs. primary care)	0.88 (0.59, 1.30)	0.52
Surgical specialty (vs. primary care)	0.70 (0.46, 1.06)	0.09
Hours per week (for each additional hour)	1.00 (0.99, 1.01)		0.45
Nights on call per week (for each additional night)	0.97 (0.91, 1.04)		0.36
Academic medical center (vs. private practice)	0.60 (0.42, 0.87)	0.01	0.03
Active military (vs. private practice)	0.42 (0.12, 1.46)	0.17
Other practice (vs. private practice)	0.92 (0.62, 1.36)	0.68
Veterans hospital (vs. private practice)	0.33 (0.10, 1.06)	0.06
≥ 1 Unprofessional behavior
High depersonalization*	2.43 (1.72, 3.43)		< 0.0001
Male vs. female	0.83 (0.60, 1.15)		0.27
Age (for each year older)	0.99 (0.97, 1.00)		0.03
Internal medicine or pediatric subspecialty (vs. primary care)	1.08 (0.69, 1.68)	0.74	0.25
Other medical specialty (vs. primary care)	0.84 (0.57, 1.25)	0.40
Surgical specialty (vs. primary care)	0.71 (0.47, 1.08)	0.11
Hours per week (for each additional hour)	1.01 (1.00, 1.02)		0.27
Nights on call per week (for each additional night)	0.97 (0.91, 1.04)		0.44
Academic medical center (vs. private practice)	0.59 (0.41, 0.86)	0.01	0.02
Active military (vs. private practice)	0.41 (0.12, 1.44)	0.16
Other practice (vs. private practice)	0.89 (0.60, 1.33)	0.58
Veterans hospital (vs. private practice)	0.33 (0.10, 1.05)	0.06

*High depersonalization (≥ 10) and high emotional exhaustion (≥ 27) using established cut-off scores