Table 2.

Percentile scores for participants on standardized clinical tests.

Test	M	SD	Range	At or below the 10th percentile (%)
RIAS Nonverbal IQ	55	23	16–95	0
CELF Core Language	2	3	0.1–10	100
Vocabulary: DELV Semantic	6	11	0.1–50	88
Vocabulary: CELF Word Classes	17	21	0.1–75	65
CELFa Concepts & Following Directions	6	8	0.1–37	88
CELFa Word Structure	5	6	0.1–25	88
CELFa Recalling Sentences	6	11	0.1–50	85
CELFa Formulating Sentences	6	7	0.1–25	85
CELF Understanding Spoken Paragraphs	8	8	0.1–25	79
CTOPPb Nonword Repetition	15	21	1–75	71
CTOPP Phonological Memory	10	15	1–68	71
CTOPP Phonological Awareness	7	6	1–25	76
GFTA	26	23	1–78	24

Note. RIAS = Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scale (Reynolds & Kamphaus, 2003); CELF = Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals (Semel, Wiig, & Secord, 2003); DELV = Diagnostic Evaluation of Language Variation (Seymour et al., 2005); CTOPP = Comprehensive Test of Phonological Processing (Wagner et al., 2013); GFTA = Goldman-Fristoe Test of Articulation (Goldman & Fristoe, 2000).

^a Scores on this subtest contributed to the CELF Core Language score.

^b Scores on this subtest contributed to the CTOPP Phonological Memory composite score.