Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics of study participants and distributional characteristics of raw cognitive tests scores by speech-in-noise performance category, Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Neurocognitive Study (N = 250), 2013.
| Characteristic | Total cohort |
Speech-in-noise performance (QuickSIN) category |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 250) |
No SNR loss (n = 77) |
Mild SNR loss (n = 86) |
Moderate or worse SNR loss (n = 87) |
|
| M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | |
| Age, years*** | 77.3 (5.4) | 74.7 (4.3) | 76.9 (5.0) | 80.1 (5.4) |
| Hearing level (PTA dB HL)*** | 35.0 (15.0) | 22.6 (9.2) | 33.6 (8.9) | 47.4 (14.1) |
| Wide Range Achievement Test*** | 45.5 (6.1) | 47.5 (6.1) | 45.2 (5.8) | 43.9 (5.8) |
| Depression |
3.4 (3.0) |
3.2 (2.9) |
3.5 (3.1) |
3.5 (2.9) |
|
n (%)
|
n (%)
|
n (%)
|
n (%)
|
|
| High school education or less | 147 (59) | 38 (49) | 58 (67) | 51 (59) |
| Male sex*** | 97 (39) | 19 (25) | 29 (34) | 49 (56) |
| Ever smoker | 119 (48) | 39 (51) | 39 (45) | 41 (47) |
| Diabetes | 86 (34) | 25 (32) | 24 (28) | 37 (43) |
| Hypertension | 181 (72) | 54 (70) | 62 (72) | 65 (75) |
| Depression (above median score) | 102 (41) | 27 (35) | 34 (40) | 41 (47) |
| Hearing category*** | ||||
| Normal hearing | 72 (29) | 52 (68) | 15 (17) | 5 (6) |
| Mild loss | 95 (38) | 24 (31) | 52 (60) | 19 (22) |
| Moderate loss or worse | 83 (33) | 1 (1) | 19 (22) | 63 (72) |
| Hearing aid use | 52 (21) | 3 (4) | 12 (14) | 21 (36) |
| Duration of hearing aid use | 4 (2, 10) | 3 (1, 7) | 3 (1.5, 6) | 4 (2, 7) |
Note. Hearing loss categories defined as normal (PTA ≤ 25 dB HL), mild loss (PTA > 25–40 dB HL), and moderate loss or worse (PTA ≥ 40 dB HL). Hearing aid use was based on a yes/no question. Duration of hearing aid use reported in median years (interquartile range). QuickSIN = Quick Speech-in-Noise Test; SNR = signal-to-noise ratio; PTA = pure-tone average.
***
p < .001.