Table 4.
Covariance of Mean Changes in SF-36v2 Domain Scores and Potential Predictors
| SF-36v2 Domain | Patient Characteristics | Parallelism Test of Regression Line | Analysis of Covariance* | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LSM | Variance | ||||||||
| Estimate | 95% CI | Estimate | 95% CI | t-Statistic | p-value | ||||
| Physical functioning | Diagnosis | Primary | p= 0.221 | 1.60 | 0.606–2.589 | 0.55 | −0.974–2.065 | 0.71 | p= 0.480 |
| Secondary | – | 1.05 | −0.090–2.195 | – | – | – | – | ||
| Role physical | Severity of dysmenorrhea† | None/mild | p= 0.218 | 4.17 | 2.320–6.010 | 1.33 | −1.469–4.121 | 0.94 | p= 0.351 |
| Moderate | – | 2.92 | 1.626–4.223 | 0.09 | −2.384–2.555 | 0.07 | p= 0.946 | ||
| Severe | – | 2.84 | 0.741–4.938 | – | – | – | – | ||
| Bodily pain | Diagnosis | Primary | p= 0.681 | 8.92 | 7.376–10.469 | 2.53 | 0.160–4.900 | 2.11 | p= 0.037 |
| Secondary | – | 6.39 | 4.611–8.175 | – | – | – | – | ||
| Severity of dysmenorrhea† | None/mild | p= 0.342 | 7.82 | 5.504–10.145 | 0.57 | −2.953–4.084 | 0.32 | p= 0.751 | |
| Moderate | – | 8.06 | 6.442–9.679 | 0.80 | −2.271–3.875 | 0.51 | p= 0.607 | ||
| Severe | – | 7.26 | 4.641–9.877 | – | – | – | – | ||
| Mental discomfort | No | p= 0.615 | 7.72 | 6.156–9.292 | – | – | – | – | |
| Yes | – | 7.98 | 6.192–9.763 | 0.25 | −2.126–2.632 | 0.21 | p= 0.834 | ||
| Age | <20 | p= 0.682 | 10.47 | 6.370–14.567 | 4.98 | −0.263–10.227 | 1.87 | p= 0.062 | |
| 20–30 | – | 8.98 | 7.241–10.728 | 3.50 | −0.201–7.197 | 1.87 | p= 0.064 | ||
| 30–40 | – | 6.61 | 4.624–8.590 | 1.12 | −2.679–4.922 | 0.58 | p= 0.561 | ||
| ≥40 | – | 5.49 | 2.236–8.737 | – | – | – | – | ||
| General health | Diagnosis | Primary | p= 0.426 | 3.64 | 2.414–4.859 | 1.55 | −0.320–3.415 | 1.63 | p= 0.104 |
| Secondary | – | 2.09 | 0.680–3.499 | – | – | – | – | ||
| Severity of dysmenorrhea† | None/mild | p= 0.715 | 4.63 | 2.811–6.447 | 3.02 | 0.306–5.743 | 2.19 | p= 0.029 | |
| Moderate | – | 2.71 | 1.458–3.963 | 1.11 | −1.272–3.485 | 0.92 | p= 0.360 | ||
| Severe | – | 1.60 | −0.417–3.626 | – | – | – | – | ||
| Physical discomfort | No | p= 0.203 | 0.85 | −1.231–2.926 | – | – | – | – | |
| Yes | – | 3.49 | 2.466–4.512 | 2.64 | 0.323–4.960 | 2.25 | p= 0.026 | ||
| Mental discomfort | No | p= 0.308 | 1.61 | 0.406–2.814 | – | – | – | – | |
| Yes | – | 4.74 | 3.368–6.117 | 3.13 | 1.296–4.969 | 3.37 | p< 0.001 | ||
| Age | <20 | p= 0.754 | 2.60 | −0.654–5.847 | 1.17 | −2.978–5.314 | 0.56 | p= 0.579 | |
| 20–30 | – | 3.71 | 2.306–5.110 | 2.28 | −0.672–5.231 | 1.52 | p= 0.129 | ||
| 30–40 | – | 2.69 | 1.101–4.283 | 1.26 | −1.758–4.284 | 0.83 | p= 0.410 | ||
| ≥40 | – | 1.43 | −1.152–4.009 | – | – | – | – | ||
| Vitality | Diagnosis | Primary | p= 0.090 | 3.09 | 1.821–4.362 | 0.94 | −1.020–2.897 | 0.95 | p= 0.346 |
| Secondary | – | 2.15 | 0.686–3.619 | – | – | – | – | ||
| Severity of dysmenorrhea† | None/mild | p= 0.557 | 3.97 | 2.112–5.821 | 2.77 | −0.028–5.566 | 1.95 | p= 0.052 | |
| Moderate | – | 2.63 | 1.326–3.927 | 1.43 | −1.036–3.893 | 1.14 | p= 0.254 | ||
| Severe | – | 1.20 | −0.896–3.291 | – | – | – | – | ||
| Mental discomfort | No | p= 0.051 | 2.86 | 1.574–4.145 | – | – | – | – | |
| Yes | – | 2.46 | 0.996–3.934 | −0.39 | −2.375–1.586 | −0.39 | p= 0.695 | ||
| Social functioning | Diagnosis | Primary | p= 0.394 | 4.29 | 2.740–5.834 | 1.75 | −0.605–4.113 | 1.47 | p= 0.144 |
| Secondary | – | 2.53 | 0.753–4.314 | – | – | – | – | ||
| Severity of dysmenorrhea† | None/mild | p= 0.630 | 5.16 | 2.895–7.428 | 3.76 | 0.326–7.186 | 2.16 | p= 0.032 | |
| Moderate | – | 3.54 | 1.949–5.137 | 2.14 | −0.888–5.165 | 1.39 | p= 0.165 | ||
| Severe | – | 1.40 | −1.168–3.978 | – | – | – | – | ||
| Age | <20 | p= 0.936 | 6.41 | 2.275–10.540 | 4.69 | −0.567–9.945 | 1.76 | p= 0.080 | |
| 20–30 | – | 3.50 | 1.729–5.267 | 1.78 | −1.956–5.515 | 0.94 | p= 0.348 | ||
| 30–40 | – | 3.58 | 1.583–5.585 | 1.87 | −1.958–5.690 | 0.96 | p= 0.337 | ||
| ≥40 | – | 1.72 | −1.552–4.989 | – | – | – | – | ||
| Role emotional | Severity of dysmenorrhea† | None/mild | p= 0.052 | 3.35 | 1.248–5.459 | 2.13 | −1.055–5.313 | 1.32 | p= 0.189 |
| Moderate | – | 4.05 | 2.572–5.533 | 2.83 | 0.019–5.637 | 1.99 | p= 0.048 | ||
| Severe | – | 1.22 | −1.163–3.612 | – | – | – | – | ||
| Age | <20 | p= 0.254 | 2.39 | −1.465–6.237 | 0.03 | −4.844–4.911 | 0.01 | p= 0.989 | |
| 20–30 | – | 2.74 | 1.106–4.366 | 0.38 | −3.065–3.832 | 0.22 | p= 0.827 | ||
| 30–40 | – | 4.57 | 2.723–6.424 | 2.22 | −1.331–5.772 | 1.23 | p= 0.219 | ||
| ≥40 | – | 2.35 | −0.677–5.382 | – | – | – | – | ||
| Mental health | Diagnosis | Primary | p= 0.947 | 3.05 | 1.804–4.293 | 0.16 | −1.752–2.073 | 0.17 | p= 0.869 |
| Secondary | – | 2.89 | 1.453–4.323 | – | – | – | – | ||
| Physical discomfort | No | p= 0.247 | 2.10 | −0.043–4.242 | – | – | – | – | |
| Yes | – | 3.19 | 2.151–4.231 | 1.09 | −1.301–3.483 | 0.90 | p= 0.369 | ||
| Mental discomfort | No | p= 0.641 | 2.39 | 1.144–3.642 | – | – | – | – | |
| Yes | – | 3.74 | 2.314–5.166 | 1.35 | −0.570–3.264 | 1.39 | p= 0.167 | ||
Notes: A standard ANCOVA model was used, which assumed a linear relationship between the response and covariate: [Score valuation] = [score pre-administration] + [category data] + [intercept]. *Results of analysis of covariance were validated from the linearity of regression and parallelism using t-test. †Severity of dysmenorrhea refers to the degree of impairment of daily activities.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; LSM, least squares mean; SD, standard deviation; SF-36v2, 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey version 2.0.