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. 2020 May 8;10:7826. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-64832-5

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Levels of COX2 and pERK expression in cUC tissue. (A) Representative image of the COX2 expression in normal urothelium (top left) and blood vessel (top right) as negative and positive control, respectively, and cUC tissues (middle and bottom) at 100-fold magnification. Immunohistochemical score (IHS) was determined by a semi-quantitative method as described in Materials and Methods. IHSs of presented pictures were 12 (middle left), 9 (middle right), 6 (bottom left), 2 (bottom right), respectively. Scale bar: 200 μm. (B) A summarising box plot for COX2 expression in BRAF wild-type (WT; blue) and mutant cUC tissue (Mutant; red). Y axis represents IHS. p = 0.0569 (Wilcoxon rank sum test). (C) Representative image of the pERK expression in normal urothelium (top left) and blood vessel (top right) as negative and positive control, respectively, and cUC tissues (middle and bottom) at 200-fold magnification. IHSs of presented pictures were 12 (middle left), 9 (middle right), 4 (bottom left), 0 (bottom right), respectively. Scale bar: 100 μm. (D) A summarising box plot for COX2 expression in BRAF wild-type (WT; blue) and mutant cUC tissue (Mutant; red). Y axis represents IHS. *Indicates p < 0.05 (Wilcoxon rank sum test). (E) A summarising box plot for COX2 expression in cUC tissues which showed weak pERK expression with IHS < 6 (pERK_low; grey) and strong pERK expression with IHS ≥ 6 (pERK_high; orange). Y axis represents IHS for COX2. *Indicates p < 0.05 (Wilcoxon rank sum test).