Table 3. DEX studies using cartilage explants in non-arthritic model systems.

Summary of DEX concentration, duration of culture and overall observed effect on cartilage. = indicates no change in measured outcomes, +/= some healthy effects and some outcomes that do not change and − adverse effects on the cartilage tissue.

Authors	Year	Tissue type	DEX dose	Duration	Observed effect
Siengdee et al.	2015	Porcine	1.25–5 mM	2 weeks	−
Lu et al.	2011	Bovine	10 nM	6 d	=
Bian et al.	2010	Bovine	0.1 μM	4 weeks	+/=
Busschers et al.	2010	Equine	100 nM-1 μM	72 h	−
Datuin et al.	2001	Tilapia	0.25 nM–2.5 μM	Not reported	−