Table 4.
Association of Mean Macular and RNFL Thickness in GDM with Possible Confounding Factors
| Variables | b (95% CI) | p-value | b (95% CI) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simple Linear Regression | Multiple Linear Regression | |||
| Macular Thickness | ||||
| Age, per year | 0.46 (−0.62, 0.71) | 0.890 | ||
| HbA1c | −0.07 (−6.84, 6.70) | 0.983 | ||
| Duration | −0.25 (−0.84, 0.33) | 0.390 | ||
| Treatment | ||||
| Diet | 1 | 0.604 | ||
| Insulin | 2.02 (−5.69, 9.73) | |||
| Family History of DM | ||||
| Yes | 1 | 0.847 | ||
| No | 0.53 (−4.83, 5.88) | |||
| History of GDM | ||||
| Yes | 1 | 0.163 | ||
| No | 1.97 (−0.80, 4.75) | |||
| Spherical equivalent | 1.63 (0.09, 3.18) | 0.038 | 0.497 (−1.38, 2.38) | 0.603 |
| RNFL Thickness | ||||
| Age, per year | −0.23 (−0.45, −0.01) | 0.052 | ||
| HbA1c | −1.92 (−5.66, 1.83) | 0.310 | ||
| Duration | −0.20 (−0.53, 0.13) | 0.225 | ||
| Treatment | ||||
| Diet | 1 | |||
| Insulin | 1.26 (−3.08, 5.59) | 0.566 | ||
| Family History of DM | ||||
| Yes | 1 | 0.844 | ||
| No | 0.29 (−2.57, 3.14) | |||
| History of GDM | ||||
| Yes | 1 | 0.109 | ||
| No | 1.68 (−0.38, 3.74) | |||
| Spherical equivalent | 1.32 (0.16, 2.47) | 0.062 | ||
Note: p <0.05 is significant.
Abbreviations: HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; DM, diabetes mellitus; GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; RNFL, retinal nerve fibre layer; b, regression coefficient, CI, confidence interval.