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Activation of MAPK signaling pathway in BCSCs. Cooperation between EGFR and HER2 promotes EMT, tumor growth, motility, and ALDH activity through activation of MNK and XIAP in a MAPK-dependent manner. In addition, chemotherapy promotes EMT and induces MAPK signaling pathway and expression of Nanog/KIF4 in a HIF1-dependent manner.
