Locally applied MSC exosomes partially alleviate experimental colitis. (A) Relative body weights of mice with DSS-induced colitis, endoscopically treated with the indicated conditions. Means ± SEM. One-way analysis of variance, Dunnett multiple comparison with PBS. (B) Difference in murine endoscopic index of colitis severity (MEICS) between day 10 and day 5 for the treatment groups. One-way analysis of variance, Dunnett multiple comparison with PBS. (C) Macroscopic colonic disease score at day 10. One-way analysis of variance, the Dunnett multiple comparison with PBS. (D) Percentage of distal colon covered by cytokeratin-positive epithelial cells. Data represent 2 independent mouse experiments, n = 7–19 mice/group. ∗P < .05. PBS, phosphate-buffered saline; w, with.