Anastasiou (2017) |
1864 |
Cross-sectional |
N/A |
73(6) |
Prevalent dementia |
Highest quartile of Mediterranean diet scores were associated with lower odds of dementia relative to the lowest quartile (fully adjusted OR [95% CI] 0.449 [0.208, 0.969]). Mediterranean diet scores modeled continuously were associated with lower odds of dementia (fully adjusted OR [95% CI] 0.920 [0.870, 0.974]). |
Gardener (2012) |
723 controls, 98 MCI, 149 AD |
Cross-sectional |
N/A |
72(8) |
Prevalent MCI or AD |
Greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with lower odds of MCI (fully adjusted OR [95% CI] 0.866 [0.75, 1.00]) or AD (0.806 [0.71, 0.92]). |
Haring (2016) |
6425 |
Prospective cohort |
9.1 |
65–79 |
Mild cognitive impairment, probable dementia |
The alternate Mediterranean diet was not associated with mild cognitive impairment or probable dementia (fully adjusted HR [95% CI] for highest quintile 0.82 [0.59, 1.14]). |
Olsson (2015) |
1138 |
Prospective cohort |
12 |
70 |
Alzheimer dementia, all-type dementia, all-type cognitive impairment |
The Mediterranean-like diet was not associated with dementia or cognitive impairment (OR [95% CI] 0.82 [0.65, 1.05]). |
Morris (2015) |
923 |
Prospective cohort |
4.5 |
58–98 |
Alzheimer disease, mortality |
Highest tertile of Mediterranean diet score was associated with decreased hazard of Alzheimer disease (fully adjusted HR [95% CI] 0.49 [0.29, 0.85]). |
Tsivgoulis (2013) |
17,478 |
Prospective cohort |
4(1.5) |
64(9) |
Incident cognitive impairment |
Higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with lower odds of cognitive impairment (fully adjusted OR [95% CI] 0.87 [0.76, 1.0]). |
Cao (2016) |
43 studies |
Meta-analysis |
1–34 |
20–100 |
Dementia |
The Mediterranean diet was associated with decreased risk of dementia (summary RR [95% CI] = 0.69 [0.57, 0.84]). |
Singh (2014) |
5 studies |
Meta-analysis |
2–8 |
76–86 |
Cognitive impairment |
Highest tertile of Mediterranean diet score was associated with lower risk of cognitive impairment (summary HR [95% CI] 0.67 [0.55, 0.81]). Results were similar in cognitively normal individuals. |
Psaltopoulou (2013) |
22 |
Meta-analysis |
N/A |
N/A |
Cognitive impairment, stroke, depression |
High adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with lower risk of cognitive impairment (summary RR [95% CI] 0.60 [0.43, 0.83]). |