Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Different Groups
| Variable | KOA (n=59) Group I | KOA Patients with FM (n=32) Group II | FM (n=30) Group III | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic | Age (years) | Mean ± SD | 53.4 ± 7.2 | 37.5 ± 6.9 | 47.3 ± 4.6 | < 0.001* p1< 0.001*, p2< 0.001*, p3< 0.001* |
| BMI | Mean ± SD | 33.4 ± 3.1 | 29.5 ± 3.9 | 33.3 ± 3.4 | < 0.001* p1< 0.001*, p2<0.001*, p3=0.8 |
|
| Residence | (Rural: Urban) | (34:25) | (18:12) | (22:10) | 0.58 | |
| Marital status | (Married: not married) | (49:10) | (19:11) | (23:9) | 0.11 | |
| Educational level | (Literate: Illiterate) | (39:20) | (26:4) | (26:6) | 0.07 | |
| Clinical | Disease duration (years) | Median (IQR) | 3 (2–5) | 2(2–3) | 2 (1–3.5) | 0.07 |
| KL grades | I n(%) | 16(27.1%) | —– | 18 (56.3%) | 0.02* | |
| II n(%) | 17(28.8%) | —– | 7(21.9%) | |||
| III n(%) | 26 (44.1%) | —– | 7(21.9%) | |||
| VAS | Median (IQR) | 3 (2.0−4.75) | 5 (3−7) | 6 (5–8) | < 0.001* p1=0.002*, p2=0.04*, p3 < 0.001* |
|
| PSQI | Mean ± SD | 7.5± 1.7 | 9.1± 2.7 | 12.5± 2.5 | < 0.001* P1< 0.001*, p2< 0.001*, P3< 0.001* |
|
| PASS20 | Mean ± SD | 35.9± 8.4 | 40.5± 8.6 | 47.8± 10.9 | <0.001* p1=0.02*, p2=0.005* p3<0.001* |
|
| BDI-II | Median (IQR) | 5 (2–7) | 22.5(18–27) | 14(9–17.5) | <0.001* p1<0.001*, p2<0.001*, p3<0.001* |
|
| Lequesene score | Median (IQR) | 5(4–7) | —– | 7(5.5–12) | <0.001* | |
| FIQ | Mean ± SD | —– | 42.8 ± 13.2 | 49.5± 20.7 | 0.14 | |
| Quality of life | Physical | Mean± SD | 49.8 ±14.7 | 62.1± 14.4 | 47.6 ±14.1 | <0.001* p1=<0.001*, p2=<0.001*, p3=0.5 |
| Cognitive | Mean± SD | 55.6± 15 | 51.3± 14.8 | 49.9± 16.6 | 0.2 | |
| Affective | Mean± SD | 53.5± 14.3 | 47.6 ± 15.1 | 34.4± 17.3 | < 0.001* p1=0.07, p2=0.002*, p3< 0.001* |
|
| Social | Mean± SD | 50.5 ± 15.2 | 55.2 ± 12.4 | 45.8 ± 13.8 | 0.04* P1=15, p2=0.006*, p3= 0.14 |
|
| Economic | Mean± SD | 55.2± 19.1 | 60.9± 16.5 | 54.8± 22.5 | 0.36 | |
| Ego | Mean± SD | 47.8 ± 16 | 35.9± 14.9 | 34.9± 15.9 | < 0.001* p1=0.001*, p2=0.8, p3<0.001* |
|
| Medications | Acetaminophen | n (%) | 49(83%) | 15 (50%) | 20 (62.5%) | 0.004* |
| NSAIDS | n (%) | 46 (78%) | 22 (73.3%) | 27(84.4%) | 0.6 | |
| Antidepressant | n (%) | 4(6.8%) | 27(90%) | 12(37.5%) | <0.001* | |
| Gabapentinoids | n (%) | 9(15.3%) | 24(80%) | 16(50%) | <0.001* | |
| Chondroprotectives | n (%) | 46(78%) | 0(0%) | 21(65.6%) | 0.3 | |
Notes: P1: between KOA group and FM group; p2: between FM group and KOA patients with FM co-morbidity group; p3: between KOA group and KOA patients with FM co-morbidity group. *p<0.05.
Abbreviations: KOA, knee osteoarthritis; FM, fibromyalgia; BMI, body mass index; KL, Kellgren and Lawrence; VAS, visual analog scale; PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; PASS20, Pain Anxiety Symptom Scale Short Form 20; BDI-II, Beck Depression Inventory; FIQ, Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire; NSAIDS, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.