Table II.
Associations of income loss with patient-reported outcomes of psoriasis
| Patient-reported outcomes | Unaffected (n = 263) |
Reduced (n = 265) |
Complete loss (n = 398) |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | OR | n (%) | OR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI)∗ | P | n (%) | OR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI)∗ | P | |
| Deteriorated psoriasis | 89 (33.8) | 1 | 100 (37.7) | 1.19 (0.83-1.69) | 1.12 (0.77-1.62) | .561 | 216 (54.3) | 2.32 (1.68-3.20) | 2.15 (1.46-3.15) | <.001 |
| Perceived stress (VAS, ≥7) | 26 (9.9) | 1 | 39 (14.7) | 1.57 (0.93-2.67) | 1.57 (0.91-2.71) | .103 | 105 (26.4) | 3.27 (2.06-5.19) | 3.26 (1.91-5.57) | <.001 |
| Anxiety (GAD-2, ≥3) | 146 (55.5) | 1 | 174 (65.7) | 1.53 (1.08-2.18) | 1.39 (0.96-2.00) | .080 | 294 (73.9) | 2.27 (1.63-3.15) | 1.73 (1.17-2.56) | .006 |
| Depression (PHQ-2, ≥3) | 146 (55.5) | 1 | 177 (66.8) | 1.61 (1.13-2.29) | 1.48 (1.02-2.15) | .038 | 308 (77.4) | 2.74 (1.96-3.85) | 2.37 (1.58-3.57) | <.001 |
| Nonadherence to treatment | 156 (59.3) | 1 | 173 (65.3) | 1.29 (0.91-1.84) | 1.22 (0.84-1.76) | .292 | 305 (76.6) | 2.25 (1.60-3.16) | 2.18 (1.45-3.26) | <.001 |
| No health care use | 181 (68.8) | 1 | 179 (67.5) | 0.94 (0.65-1.36) | 0.92 (0.62-1.35) | .656 | 245 (65.3) | 0.73 (0.52-1.01) | 0.78 (0.52-1.16) | .216 |
aOR, Adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; GAD-2, 2-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder; OR, unadjusted odds ratio; PHQ-2, 2-item Patient Health Questionnaire; VAS, visual analog scale.
∗
Adjusted for age, educational level, annual income, marital status, history of hypertension, type of psoriasis, and outdoor activity restriction.