TABLE 1.

Histological Characteristics of Myocardial Fibrosis in Distinct Human Cardiac Diseases, and Associated Disturbances in the Turnover of Fibrillary Collagen

	Collagen Synthesis and Deposition > Degradation and Removal				Collagen Synthesis and Deposition < Degradation and Removal
	Focal Macroscopic Scar	Diffuse Microscars	Perivascular Fibrosis	Perimysial and Endomysial Fibrosis
Hypertensive heart disease	−	+ + +	+ + +	+ + +	+
Aortic stenosis	−	+ + +	+ + +	+ + +	?
Diabetic cardiomyopathy	−	+ + +	+ + +	+ + +	?
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy	−	+ +/+ + +	+ +/+ + +	+ +/+ + +	?
Nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy	−	+	+	+	+ + +
Ischemic heart disease	+ + +	+	+	+	+ + +

The following symbols are used: − indicates absent; + indicates mild presence; + + indicates moderate presence; + + + indicates severe presence; ? indicates not described. Adapted from Brower et al. (4), Eckhouse and Spinale (5), and Li et al. (6).