. 2019 Dec 13;63(1):234–258. doi: 10.1044/2019_JSLHR-19-00123

Table 3.

Statistical outcomes for child language ability measures at 48 months of age.

Measure	F	df	p	η²	NH vs. HAs	NH vs. CIs	HAs vs. CIs
Real-word utterances	3.013	2, 95	.054	.060	NS	NS	NS
MLU	8.522	2, 90	< .001	.159	NS	< .001^*	NS
Vocabulary	15.778	2, 97	< .001	.245	.002^*	< .001^*	NS
Auditory comprehension	12.564	2, 97	< .001	.206	.003^*	< .001^*	NS
Speech intelligibility	17.868	2, 93	< .001	.278	< .001^*	< .001^*	NS

Note. NH = children with normal hearing; HAs = children with hearing aids; CIs = children with cochlear implants; NS = not significant; MLU = mean length of utterance.

Significant with Bonferroni correction.