Table 3. Bivariable logistic regression analysis of factors associated with adherence among HIV/AIDS patients at Nekemte referral hospital, West Ethiopia, 2019 (n = 305).
| Variables | Adherence | COR (95%) CI | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adherent (%) | Not adherent (%) | |||
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 97 (69.3%) | 43 (30.7%) | 1 | |
| Female | 126 (76.4%) | 39 (23.6%) | 1.43 (0.86, 2.38) | 0.16 |
| Age (years) | ||||
| 18–28 | 69 (66.3%) | 35 (33.7%) | 2.36 (1.04, 5.36) | 0.04* |
| 29–38 | 78 (73.6%) | 28 (26.4%) | 1.57 (0.73, 3.40) | 0.24 |
| 39–48 | 36 (78.3%) | 10 (21.7%) | 1.08 (0.42, 2.73) | 0.86 |
| >48 | 40 (81.6%) | 9 (18.4%) | 1 | |
| Marital status | ||||
| Married | 81 (80.2%) | 20 (19.8%) | 1 | |
| Single | 92 (73.0%) | 34 (27.0%) | 0.66 (0.35, 1.25) | 0.20 |
| Divorced | 26 (65.0%) | 14 (35.0%) | 0.45 (0.20, 1.03) | 0.06 |
| Widowed | 24 (63.2%) | 14 (36.8%) | 0.42 (0.18, 0.96) | 0.04* |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Oromo | 134 (72.8%) | 50 (27.2%) | 1 | |
| Amhara | 61 (75.3%) | 20 (24.7%) | 1.13 (0.62, 2.07) | 0.67 |
| Tigre | 13 (72.2%) | 5 (27.8%) | 0.97 (0.32, 2.86) | 0.95 |
| Gurage | 9 (75.0%) | 3 (25.0%) | 1.11(0.29, 4.30) | 0.87 |
| Others | 6 (60.0%) | 4 (40.0%) | 0.56 (0.15, 2.06) | 0.38 |
| Educational status | ||||
| No formal education | 11 (55.0%) | 9 (45.0%) | 0.40 (0.13, 1.20) | 0.10 |
| Primary school (1–8) | 73 (66.4%) | 37 (33.6%) | 0.65 (0.31, 1.38) | 0.26 |
| Secondary school (9–12) | 100 (81.3%) | 23 (18.7%) | 1.44 (0.66, 3.14) | 0.34 |
| College and above | 39 (75.0%) | 13 (25.0%) | 1 | |
| Residence | ||||
| Urban | 62 (68.9%) | 28 (31.1%) | 1 | |
| Rural | 161 (74.9%) | 54 (25.1%) | 1.34 (0.78, 2.31) | 0.28 |
| Occupation | ||||
| Government employee | 28 (80.0%) | 7 (20.0%) | 1 | |
| Private employee | 72 (75.0%) | 24 (25.0%) | 0.75 (0.29, 1.93) | 0.55 |
| Farmer | 56 (67.5%) | 27 (32.5%) | 0.51 (0.20, 1.33) | 0.17 |
| Merchant | 58 (71.6%) | 23 (28.4%) | 0.63 (0.24, 1.64) | 0.34 |
| Others | 9 (90.0%) | 1 (10.0%) | 2.25 (0.24, 20.83) | 0.47 |
| Income | ||||
| <500 EB | 35 (56.5%) | 27 (43.5%) | 0.23 (0.07, 0.67) | 0.008* |
| 500–1000 EB | 41 (73.2%) | 15 (26.8%) | 0.48 (0.15, 1.49) | 0.21 |
| 1001–1500 EB | 51 (69.9%) | 22 (30.1%) | 0.41 (0.14, 1.21) | 0.10 |
| 1501–2000 EB | 68 (84.0%) | 13 (16.0%) | 0.93 (0.30, 2.86) | 0.90 |
| >2000 EB | 28 (84.8%) | 5 (15.2%) | 1 | |
| Number of pills taken in a day | ||||
| 2 tablets | 114 (75.5%) | 37 (24.5%) | 1 | |
| 3 tablets | 52 (72.2%) | 20 (27.8%) | 0.84 (0.44, 1.59) | 0.60 |
| 4 tablets | 43 (69.4%) | 19 (30.6%) | 0.73 (0.38, 1.41) | 0.35 |
| >4 tablets | 14 (70.0%) | 6 (30.0%) | 0.75 (0.27, 2.11) | 0.59 |
| Living companion | ||||
| Yes | 178 (88.1%) | 24 (11.9%) | 9.55 (5.36, 17.0) | 0.000* |
| No | 45 (43.7%) | 58 (56.3%) | 1 | |
| CD4 cell | ||||
| <200 | 31 (73.8%) | 11 (26.2%) | 1.40 (0.35, 5.62) | 0.62 |
| 200–500 | 100 (71.4%) | 40 (28.6%) | 1.25 (0.35, 4.38) | 0.72 |
| 501–800 | 84 (75.7%) | 27 (24.3%) | 1.55 (0.43, 5.57) | 0.49 |
| >800 | 8 (66.7%) | 4 (33.3%) | 1 | |
| HIV stage | ||||
| Stage I | 73 (74.5%) | 25 (25.5%) | 1 | |
| Stage II | 88 (75.9%) | 28 (24.1%) | 1.07 (0.57, 2.00) | 0.81 |
| Stage III | 31 (64.6%) | 17 (35.4%) | 0.62 (0.29, 1.31) | 0.21 |
| Stage IV | 31 (72.1%) | 12 (27.9%) | 0.88 (0.39, 1.98) | 0.76 |
| Side effect of ARV drugs | ||||
| Yes | 44 (38.6%) | 70 (61.4%) | 1 | |
| No | 179 (93.7%) | 12 (6.3%) | 23.7 (11.83, 47.57) | 0.000* |
| Family/social support | ||||
| Strong | 134 (97.1%) | 4 (2.9%) | 20.79 (6.54, 66.02) | 0.000* |
| Moderate | 60 (50.0%) | 60 (50.0%) | 0.62 (0.31, 1.23) | 0.17 |
| Poor | 29 (61.7%) | 18(38.3%) | 1 | |
| Perceived stigma | ||||
| Yes | 59 (47.2%) | 66 (52.8%) | 1 | |
| No | 164 (91.1%) | 16 (8.9%) | 11.46 (6.15, 21.35) | 0.000* |
| Substance use | ||||
| Yes | 46 (41.4%) | 65 (58.6%) | 1 | |
| No | 177 (91.2%) | 17 (8.8%) | 14.71 (7.87, 27.47) | 0.000* |
| Disease duration | ||||
| <1 year | 35 (74.5%) | 12 (25.5%) | 0.87 (0.32, 2.36) | 0.79 |
| 1–5 years | 76 (73.1%) | 28 (26.9%) | 0.81 (0.34, 1.98) | 0.64 |
| 6–10 years | 82 (71.3%) | 33 (28.7%) | 0.74 (0.31, 1.74) | 0.49 |
| >10 years | 30 (76.9%) | 9 (23.1%) | 1 | |
| Treatment duration | ||||
| <1 year | 38 (79.2%) | 10 (20.8%) | 1 | |
| 1–5 years | 85 (73.3%) | 31 (26.7%) | 0.72 (0.32, 1.62) | 0.42 |
| 6–10 years | 78 (69.6%) | 34 (30.4%) | 0.60 (0.27, 1.35) | 0.21 |
| >10 years | 22 (75.9%) | 7 (24.1%) | 0.82 (0.27, 2.48) | 0.73 |
| Knowledge about HIV and its treatment | ||||
| Knowledgeable | 181 (90.0%) | 20 (10.0%) | 13.36 (7.29, 24.47) | 0.000* |
| Not knowledgeable | 42 (40.4%) | 62 (59.6%) | 1 | |
| Waiting time | ||||
| <30 minutes | 140 (75.3%) | 46 (24.7%) | 1.32 (0.79, 2.20) | 0.28 |
| >/= 30 minutes | 83 (69.7%) | 36 (30.3%) | 1 | |
| comorbidity of other chronic illness | ||||
| Yes | 35 (37.6%) | 58 (62.4%) | 1 | |
| No | 188 (88.7%) | 24 (11.3%) | 12.98 (7.14, 23.58) | 0.000* |
| Family disclosure status | ||||
| Yes | 184 (88.9%) | 23 (11.1%) | 12.10 (6.68, 21.89) | 0.000* |
| No | 39 (39.8%) | 59 (60.2%) | 1 | |
* shows significant at P-value <0.05
COR: Crude Odd Ratio, CI: Confidence Interval