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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 May 11.
Published in final edited form as: Chem Biol Drug Des. 2011 Apr 27;77(6):421–430. doi: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2011.01108.x

Figure 3. Blocking of as-APF activity by d-proline as-APF and d-pipecolic acid as-APF in normal bladder epithelial cells.

Figure 3

Explanted normal bladder epithelial cells were preincubated with varying concentrations of d-proline as-APF (■) or d-pipecolic acid as-APF (○) for 1.5 hours at 37°C, after which 125 nM as-APF was added to the medium; cell proliferation was assessed by 3H-thymidine incorporation 48 hours later. The assay was performed in triplicate twice; data are expressed as percent inhibition of thymidine incorporation compared to control cells incubated with medium alone +/- standard deviation.