Table 2.
Process outcomes for all individuals referred to EIP service
| Implementation site | Comparator site | |||||||||||
| Baseline | Year 1 | Year 2 | P value | P value | Baseline | Year 1 | Year 2 | P value | P value | |||
| (n=123) | (n=416) | (n=463) | Y1 vs baseline | Y2 vs baseline | (n=237) | (n=271) | (n=252) | Y1 vs baseline | Y2 vs baseline | |||
| Accepted onto EIP pathway | 69 (56%) | 118 (28%) | 124 (27%) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 145 (61%) | 168 (62%) | 102 (40%) | 0.89 | <0.0001 | ||
| Time from EIP referral to EIP assessment (in days) | 11.0 (6.0 to 20.5) | 6.0 (3.0 to 12.0) | 7.0 (4.0 to 14.0) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 7.0 (3.0 to 12.0) | 7.0 (4.0 to 12.8) | 12.0 (7.0 to 21.0) | 0.24 | <0.0001 | ||
| Time from CTP referral to EIP assessment (in days) | 20.0 (11.8 to 55.3) | 15.0 (6.0 to 40.0) | 11.0 (6.0 to 23.0) | 0.0053 | <0.0001 | 33.0 (11.0 to 142.5) | 24.0 (9.3 to 130.5) | 33.0 (13.0 to 98.0) | 0.45 | 0.96 | ||
| DNAs prior to assessment | ||||||||||||
| 0 | 113 (92%) | 378 (91%) | 434 (94%) | 0.37 | 211 (89%) | 247 (91%) | 232 (92%) | 0.59 | ||||
| 1 | 7 (6%) | 28 (7%) | 17 (4%) | 17 (7%) | 19 (7%) | 12 (5%) | ||||||
| 2 or more | 3 (2%) | 10 (2%) | 12 (3%) | 9 (4%) | 6 (2%) | 9 (4%) | ||||||
| Time to allocation and engagement by care coordinator (in weeks) | 4.0 (0.0 to 11.0) | 1.0 (0.0 to 5.0) | 0.0 (0.0 to 3.0) | 0.0033 | <0.0001 | 0.0 (0.0 to 7.3) | 0.0 (0.0 to 7.0) | 0.0 (0.0 to 14.8) | 0.054 | 0.48 | ||
| Time to MDT discussion (in weeks) | 6.2 (1.7 to 20.0) | 1.9 (1.0 to 4.6) | 1.9 (0.9 to 3.0) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 1.8 (0.7 to 3.0) | 1.7 (1.0 to 2.7) | 4.9 (1.8 to 28.0) | 0.74 | <0.0001 | ||
| Time to medical formulation (in weeks) | 4.7 (2.3 to 8.4) | 3.9 (1.9 to 8.4) | 3.3 (1.9 to 6.0) | 0.45 | 0.11 | 6.5 (2.3 to 10.3) | 6.7 (2.4 to 11.0) | 8.3 (3.8 to 11.9) | 0.99 | 0.14 | ||
| Time to CPA /care plan (in weeks) | 2.4 (0.0 to 6.9) | 2.7 (0.8 to 5.4) | 2.0 (0.4 to 5.8) | 0.62 | 0.87 | 2.0 (0.7 to 5.6) | 3.0 (1.0 to 14.5) | 13.0 (4.3 to 34.0) | 0.080 | <0.0001 | ||
| Time to risk assessment completion (in weeks) | 50.3 (2.6 to 91.1) | 6.4 (1.0 to 15.3) | 4.7 (1.4 to 8.1) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 5.3 (1.4 to 15.0) | 3.6 (1.0 to 15.1) | 4.6 (1.1 to 13.4) | 0.38 | 0.60 | ||
| Reason for non-acceptance to EIP | ||||||||||||
| Does not fulfil EIP criteria | 29 (71%) | 202 (79%) | 280 (85%) | 0.0010 | 18 (20%) | 20 (19%) | 28 (19%) | 0.76 | ||||
| Discharged on professional advice | 4 (10%) | 14 (5%) | 2 (1%) | 62 (67%) | 65 (63%) | 100 (66%) | ||||||
| DNA/did not engage/declined treatment | 6 (15%) | 27 (11%) | 35 (11%) | 5 (5%) | 8 (8%) | 13 (9%) | ||||||
| Moved out of area | 0 (0%) | 11 (4%) | 10 (3%) | 6 (7%) | 7 (7%) | 9 (6%) | ||||||
| Other | 2 (5%) | 3 (1%) | 4 (1%) | 1 (1%) | 4 (4%) | 1 (1%) | ||||||
| Reason for discharge from EIP after acceptance | ||||||||||||
| Care completed | 4 (15%) | 4 (9%) | 0 (0%) | 0.076 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0.40 | ||||
| Does not fulfil EIP criteria | 8 (31%) | 22 (48%) | 22 (50%) | 7 (6%) | 6 (5%) | 4 (9%) | ||||||
| Discharged on professional advice | 0 (0%) | 1 (2%) | 3 (7%) | 80 (72%) | 72 (61%) | 25 (54%) | ||||||
| DNA/did not engage/declined treatment | 6 (23%) | 8 (17%) | 8 (18%) | 16 (14%) | 25 (21%) | 11 (24%) | ||||||
| Moved out of area | 5 (19%) | 11 (24%) | 9 (20%) | 7 (6%) | 12 (10%) | 5 (11%) | ||||||
| Other | 3 (12%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (5%) | 1 (1%) | 4 (3%) | 1 (2%) | ||||||
| Change in accommodation status during EIP | ||||||||||||
| No reported change | 63 (91%) | 118 (100%) | 124 (100%) | <0.0001 | 136 (94%) | 157 (93%) | 78 (76%) | <0.0001 | ||||
| Moved to mainstream housing | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (1%) | 3 (2%) | 10 (10%) | ||||||
| Moved from acute/long stay/ hospital to supported accommodation | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (1%) | 3 (2%) | 2 (2%) | ||||||
| Moved to acute/long stay/ hospital | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (1%) | 4 (4%) | ||||||
| Committed to bail/probation hostel/prison | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (1%) | ||||||
| No longer homeless | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (2%) | 2 (1%) | 1 (1%) | ||||||
| Became homeless | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (1%) | 2 (1%) | 1 (1%) | ||||||
| Other | 3 (4%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 5 (5%) | ||||||
Numbers represent either N (%) for categorical variables or median (IQR) for continuous variables. Excludes EIP to EIP transfers. P values for categorical comparisons from χ2 test or Fisher's exact test as appropriate. P values for continuous data from Mann-Whitney U tests.
CPA, Care Programme Approach; EIP, early intervention in psychosis; MDT, multidisciplinary team.