Table 2.

Matched children sample characteristics by intervention^*.

	Total		Usual care		SDM toolkit
	n	%	n	%	n	%	Standardized difference†
Total	200		100	50.0	100	50.0
Age, mean (SD)	8.96	4.5	9.03	4.2	8.89	4.7	0.03
Race/ethnicity							0.00
Caucasian	6	3.0	3	3.0	3	3.0
African American	118	59.0	62	62.0	56	56.0
Hispanic/latino	62	31.0	27	27.0	35	35.0
Other	14	7.0	8	8.0	6	6.0
Insurance							0.07
Commercial	16	8.0	7	7.0	9	9.0
Medicaid/other‡	184	92.0	93	93.0	91	91.0
Gender							0.04
Male	112	56.0	57	57.0	55	55.0
Female	88	44.0	43	43.0	45	45.0
Comorbidities
Obesity	32	16.0	18	18.0	14	14.0	0.11
Upper respiratory tract infection	7	3.5	3	3.0	4	4.0	0.05
Rhinitis	5	2.5	2	2.0	3	3.0	0.06
Baseline ED visits, mean (SD)	0.36	0.7	0.35	0.8	0.36	0.6	0.01
Baseline inpatient visits, mean (SD)	0.09	0.3	0.08	0.3	0.10	0.4	0.06
Baseline oral steroid use, mean (SD)	0.53	1.0	0.54	1.1	0.51	0.9	0.03
Percentage of patients with poverty, mean (SD)	0.24	0.1	0.24	0.1	0.24	0.1	0.06
Percentage of patients with education less than high school, mean (SD)	0.23	0.1	0.23	0.1	0.22	0.1	0.08
Median follow-up (months)	27.98		29.35		27.65		0.05

Note.

^*Matched with age, race/ethnicity, gender, insurance, comorbidities (developmental delay, obesity, upper respiratory infection and rhinitis), baseline exacerbations (asthma-related inpatient and ED visits and oral steroid prescription orders during 12 months prior to intervention date), and neighborhood characteristics (poverty and education level).

^†Standardized difference = difference in means or proportions divided by standard error; imbalance defined as value greater than 0.20 (small effect size).

^‡Other includes other public insurance and uninsured.

SDM, shared decision making; SD, standard deviation.