TABLE 2.
Smartphone use frequency scales.
| Title | Abbrev. | Author(s) | Items | Item format | Item scale | Content domains | Internal consistency (Cronbach’s α) | Temporal stability (Test-Retest) | Sample/Norms (Age: M, SD) | Purported construct | Criterion-Related validity |
| Media and Technology Usage and Attitudes Scale | MTUAS | Rosen et al. (2013) | 60 | Likert scale | 1–5 | Smartphone usage; Social media usage; Internet searching; E-mailing; Media sharing; Text messaging; Video gaming; Online friendships; Facebook friendships; Phone calling; Watching TV; Positive/Negative attitudes; Tech anxiety/dependence; Attitudes toward task-switching | 0.61–0.97 | N/A | 942 United States adults (30.0 ± 12.5) | Involvement | Internet addiction; Technology-related anxiety; Daily media usage hours |
| Smartphone Use Frequency | SUF | Elhai et al. (2016) | 11 | Likert scale | 1–6 | Calling; Messaging; Email; Social networking; Internet; Gaming; Music/podcast; Taking pictures/videos; Watching videos; Reading; Navigation | 0.86 | N/A | 308 North American adults (33.2 ± 10.2) | Usage | Unreported |
| Mobile Usage Scale | MUS | Konok et al. (2016) | 6 | Likert scale | 1–5 | Smart mobile phone use; Traditional mobile phone use | 0.71 | N/A | 142 Hungarian young adults (Unreported) | Mobile usage types | Mobile phone use |