Table 1.
Diagnoses given by the primary physician in the community clinic, based on the pathophysiological classification
| Total N = 2744 |
ASD N = 459 |
w/o ASD N = 2285 |
OR (95% CI) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Allergy or hypersensitivity | 316 (11.5%) | 72 (15.7%) | 244 (10.7%) | 1.56 (1.17–2.07) | 0.002 |
| Anaemia | 67 (2.4%) | 12 (2.6%) | 55 (2.4%) | 1.01 (0.58–2.05) | 0.793 |
| Congenital | 196 (7.1%) | 54 (11.8%) | 142 (6.2%) | 2.01 (1.45–2.80) | <0.001 |
| Developmental | 82 (3%) | 59 (12.9%) | 23 (1%) | 14.51 (8.86–23.76) | <0.001 |
| Developmental; speech/language | 59 (2.2%) | 42 (9.2%) | 17 (0.7%) | 13.44 (7.58–23.83) | <0.001 |
| Epilepsy | 38 (1.4%) | 11 (2.4%) | 27 (1.2%) | 2.05 (1.01–4.17) | 0.042 |
| Hearing impairment | 27 (1%) | 13 (2.8%) | 14 (0.6%) | 4.73 (2.21–10.13) | <0.001 |
| Neurological – convulsion related | 38 (1.4%) | 11 (2.4%) | 27 (1.2%) | 2.05 (1.01–4.17) | 0.042 |
| Infectious disease | 76 (2.8%) | 20 (4.4%) | 56 (2.5%) | 1.81 (1.08–3.05) | 0.023 |
| Overweight | 177 (6.5%) | 39 (8.5%) | 138 (6%) | 1.45 (1.00–2.09) | 0.050 |
| Sleep apnoea | 23 (0.8%) | 5 (1.1%) | 18 (0.8%) | 1.39 (0.51–3.76) | 0.518 |
| Trauma | 23 (0.8%) | 5 (1.1%) | 18 (0.8%) | 1.39 (0.51–3.76) | 0.518 |
| Visual impairment | 14 (0.5%) | 5 (1.1%) | 9 (0.4%) | 2.79 (0.93–8.35) | 0.056 |
The differences in diagnoses between children with and without ASD were evaluated via Pearson's χ2 or Fisher exact tests. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) are highlighted in bold font.