Table 1.

Effects of three different pretreatment technologies on the canolol content of rapeseed, rapeseed oil, and rapeseed cake

Pretreatment	Untreated	Roasted	Microwave	Steam explosion
Rapeseed	18.16 ± 1.58c	85.50 ± 4.06b	91.36 ± 4.82b	185.26 ± 5.96a
Rapeseed oil	41.21 ± 3.12c	953.22 ± 56.45b	1,021.53 ± 65.48b	2,168.69 ± 88.95a
Rapeseed cake	12.24 ± 1.06c	49.13 ± 3.28b	53.58 ± 3.74b	89.04 ± 4.54a

Different letters in a row mean significant difference at the 5% level.

Roasted, microwave, steam explosion pretreatment methods, respectively, represent 180°C for 15 min, 800 W for 6 min at a frequency of 2,450 MHz and steam explosion pressure at 1.0 MPa.