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. 2020 Apr 18;13(8):1908. doi: 10.3390/ma13081908

Table 1.

A set of displacement measuring techniques.

Measuring Techniques Accuracy Test Type Bridge Class Test Costs
Inclination <cm Static/dynamic large rigid frame low
Leveling <mm Static no limits low
Interferometry <mm Static/dynamic no limits expensive
Global Positioning System cm Static/dynamic large span average
Terrestrial laser scanning <mm Static medium or small span expensive
Connection pipe <mm Static no limits expensive
Electro-optical imaging mm/cm Static/dynamic large span average *
Computer vision mm Static/dynamic large span average
Tachymetric mm Static/dynamic no limits low

* Depends on used instruments.