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. 2020 Apr 14;21(8):2712. doi: 10.3390/ijms21082712

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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NKX2.3 gene associated with ‘extreme’ phenotype leads to mRNA expression changes in angiogenic and inflammatory markers. (A) mRNA expression of NKX2.3 was increased in human retinal endothelial cells (HREC) using varying concentrations of PCDNA plasmid (lo: 5 μg + 3.75 μL, hi: 5 μg + 7.5 μL; 24 h). (B) Overexpression of NKX2.3 in HRECs revealed increased mRNA expression of cell-cell junctional proteins N-cadherin (N-cad) and occludin (OCLN). (C) Changes in pro-angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), angiopoietin 1 (Ang1) and angiopoietin 2 (Ang2) mRNA expression were also observed. (D) Overexpression of NKX2.3 in HRECs also revealed increased expression of inflammatory markers intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and cathepsin D (CTS D). * p < 0.05. Bars indicate average ± standard deviation.