Table 1.
Design concept of hierarchically organized levels for modular scaffold assemblies (explanation in text). For better illustration of structure details, dyed PLA was used here.
| Level | Description | Pore Size | Visualization | Properties |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | PLA and internal porosity | 1–10 µm |
|
Osteoconductive Resorbable Available disinfectable |
| 2 | Microfilamentary mesh | ≤150 µm |
|
Osteoinductive Early resorption |
| 3 | Frame with interconnected pores | 0.15–5 mm |
|
Supplementation Access Nutrition supply exchange Gas exchange |
| 4 | Tube assembly with central cavity | 15–20 mm |
|
Mechanical stability Hematoma formation |
| 5 | Clamp for connectivity | – |
|
Modular extendable Customizable |