Table 7.
Estimates of indirect effects of parenting knowledge on social-emotional development through different parental investments.
| Indirect Effect | Point Estimate | Bootstrap S. E. | 95% CI (Percentile) | 95% CI (BC) | 95% CI (BCa) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | |
| Knowledge on social-emotion through source | 0.003 | 0.003 | (−0.001, 0.009) | (0.0001, 0.02) | (0.0001, 0.02) |
| Knowledge on social-emotion through variety | 0.03 *** | 0.007 | (0.01, 0.04) | (0.01, 0.04) | (0.01, 0.04) |
| Knowledge on social-emotion through activity | 0.03 *** | 0.006 | (0.02, 0.04) | (0.02, 0.04) | (0.02, 0.04) |
| Knowledge on social-emotion through book | 0.01 *** | 0.005 | (0.004, 0.02) | (0.004, 0.02) | (0.004, 0.02) |
| Knowledge on social-emotion through pbook | 0.004 | 0.003 | (−0.001, 0.01) | (0.0008, 0.02) | (0.0008, 0.02) |
| Knowledge on social-emotion through toy | 0.02 ** | 0.007 | (0.004, 0.03) | (0.003, 0.03) | (0.003, 0.03) |
| Knowledge on social-emotion through magz | 0.002 | 0.002 | (−0.001, 0.008) | (−0.001, 0.008) | (−0.001, 0.008) |
Notes: (i) The mediators are the FCI seven subscales: sources of play materials (source), varieties of play materials (variety), play activities (activity), household books (book), picture books (pbook), play materials (toy), and magazines and newspapers (magz). (ii) Bootstrap standard errors reported in column (2) are based on resampling with 1000 replications. (iii) The percentile 95% CI in column (3) uses usual sampling distribution cutoffs without bias correction; the BC 95% CI in column (4) corrects for a bias in the distribution of bootstrap estimates of standard errors; and the BCa 95% CI in column (5) corrects for bias and skewness in the distribution of bootstrap estimates of standard errors. (iv) *** p < 0.01; ** p < 0.05.