AMPK	AMP-activated protein kinase
Apaf	apoptotic peptidase-activating factor
ARE	antioxidant response element
ASK1	apoptosis signal-regulating kinase
ATF	activating transcription factor
ATM	ataxia telangiectasia mutated kinase
Bad	Bcl-2 associated agonist of cell death
Bak	Bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer
Bax	Bcl-2-associated X
Bcl	B-cell lymphoma protein
BH	Bcl-2 homology domain
Bid	BH3 interacting-domain death agonist
Bim	Bcl-2-like protein 11
BRCA	breast cancer gene
CBP	CREB binding protein
CD38	cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase
CNS	central nervous system
CREB	cAMP response element-binding protein
DLK	dual leucine zipper-bearing kinase
ΔΨm	mitochondrial membrane potential
DRP	dynamin-like protein
ERK	extracellular signal-regulated kinase
FDA	United States Food and Drug Administration
FIS	fission protein
GSK	glycogen synthase kinase
JNK	c-Jun N-terminal kinase
MAPK	mitogen-activated protein kinase
Mcl	myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein
MEK	MAPK kinase
MEKK	MAPK kinase kinase
Mfn	mitofusin
MKK4/7	dual specificity MAPK kinases 4 and 7
MKP	MAPK phosphatase
MMP	matrix metalloproteinase
mPT	mitochondrial permeability transition
mtDAMP	mitochondria-derived damage-associated molecular pattern
mTOR	mechanistic (previously mammalian) target of rapamycin
mTORC	mTOR complex
NEMO	nuclear inhibitor of NF-κB kinase-γ
NF-κB	nuclear factor-κB
NOS	nitric oxide synthase
Nrf2	nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
OPA	optic atrophy protein
OMA	mitochondrial metalloendopeptidase
PAR	poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymerase
PARP	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase
PGC-1α	peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor γ coactivator-1α
PI3K	phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase
PINK	PTEN-induced putative kinase
PTEN	phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10
PTP	permeability transition pore
PUMA	p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis
Raf	rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma protein
RNS	reactive nitrogen species
ROS	reactive oxygen species
SAB	mitochondrial SH3-domain binding protein 5
SIRT	sirtuin; mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase
Smac	second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase
TIM	translocase of the inner membrane
TOM	translocase of the outer membrane
VDAC	voltage-dependent anion channel