Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population (N=42).
| Characteristic | Intervention group (n=15) | Control group 1 (n=15) | Control group 2 (n=12) | P value | |
| Gender: female, n (%) | 10 (67) | 10 (67) | 7 (58) | .85a | |
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 59.3 (3.6) | 59.3 (3.6) | 59.3 (5.3) | >.99b | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 26.7 (5.1) | 28.0 (4.3) | 31.1 (6.5) | .10b | |
| Educational level, n (%) |
|
|
|
.08b | |
|
|
Low | 3 (20) | 7 (46) | 4 (33) |
|
|
|
Medium | 6 (40) | 5 (33) | 8 (67) |
|
|
|
High | 6 (40) | 3 (20) | 0 (0) |
|
| Living situation, n (%) |
|
|
|
.58a | |
|
|
Alone | 4 (27) | 2 (13) | 1 (8) |
|
|
|
With partner and/or children | 11 (73) | 13 (87) | 11 (92) |
|
| ASA c classification, n (%) |
|
|
|
.12a | |
|
|
I or II | 13 (87) | 12 (80) | 6 (50) |
|
|
|
III | 2 (13) | 3 (20) | 6 (50) |
|
| Exercise hoursd, median (range) | 17.9 (13.1-19.9) |
6.0 (0.0-48.0) |
2.5 (0.0-48.0) |
N/Ae | |
aFisher exact test.
bOne-way analysis of variance.
cASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification System.
dBased on 12 weeks of the program for the intervention group and 6 months postoperative for the control groups.
eN/A: not applicable.