Table 2.
Daily intakes of energy, selected nutrients and foods in cohorts of individuals with ASD and neurotypical controls.
| ASD | Controls | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N (all boys) | 30 | 16 | |
| Energy and nutrients (mean ± SD) | |||
| Energy, kJ/day | 5506 ± 254 | 5666 ± 344 | 0.711 |
| Proteins, g/day | 45.5 ± 0.4 | 50.2 ± 0.9 | 0.273 |
| Animal/plant protein | 1.63 ± 0.03 | 1.76 ± 0.04 | 0.557 |
| Fats, g/day | 53.1 ± 0.6 | 55.5 ± 1.0 | 0.656 |
| Carbohydrates, g/day | 173.1 ± 1.3 | 173.9 ± 2.7 | 0.952 |
| % energy from protein | 14.2 ± 0.3 | 15.0 ± 0.47 | 0.148 |
| % energy from fat | 35.7 ± 1.1 | 36.8 ± 1.1 | 0.536 |
| % energy from carbohydrates | 50.1 ± 1.2 | 48.1 ± 1.3 | 0.306 |
| Dietary fibre, g/ day | 9.95 ± 0.56 | 11.7 ± 1.00 | 0.114 |
| Omega-3 fatty acids (g/day) of that | 0.75 ± 0.01 | 0.81 ± 0.01 | 0.473 |
| Linolenic acid (g/day) | 0.73 ± 0.01 | 0.78 ± 0.01 | 0.548 |
| Eicosapentaenoic acid (mg/day) | 10.0 ± 0.60 | 20.0 ± 1.00 | 0.325 |
| Docosahexaenoic acid (mg/day) | 7.0 ± 0.20 | 13.0 ± 0.40 | 0.022 |
| Foods (median, 95% CI) | |||
| Bakery products white (g/day) | 62.5 (38.7–90.0) | 60.5 (21.4-65.4) | 0.037 |
| Bakery products wholegrain (g/day) | 4.8 (0.0–21.4) | 21.4 (7.1-53.6) | 0.102 |
| Fermented milk products (g/day) | 125.9 (19.3–244.2) | 67.5 (42.9–109.3) | 0.393 |
| Fresh fruit (g/day) | 84.1 (47.8–133.9) | 199.1 (126.0–237.3) | 0.001 |
| Fresh vegetables (g/day) | 16.6 (2.9–26.8) | 61.4 (36.2–95.1) | 0.000 |