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. 2020 Apr 22;21(8):2949. doi: 10.3390/ijms21082949

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Modeling oxidative stress in ARPE19 cells using tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP). Confluent ARPE19 cells were exposed to TBHP (0, 75, 150, or 300 µM) for 4 h. Changes in morphology of the cells (A), lactate de-hydrogenase (LDH) release (B) and intracellular ATP levels (C) were assessed at 0 h and 12 h following TBHP exposure (0 h(f) and 12 h(f), respectively). Severe morphological changes were obvious in cells treated with 300 µM TBHP at 12 h(f). Nuclear condensation was detected by DAPI staining and visualized and quantified by the operetta high content imaging system for the most effective TBHP concentration and following time (300 µM, 12 h(f)). Examples of condensed nuclei are shown by yellow arrows. The number of condensed nuclei are presented as percentage of total number of nuclei (n = 4). (D). Data are shown as mean ± S.E.M and experiments were repeated at least three times. p-value: <0.01 (**), < 0.001 (***), < 0.0001 (****) (One-way ANOVA, Dunnett’s multiple comparison test).