Skip to main content
. 2020 Apr 15;17(8):2731. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17082731

Table 5.

The effects of moral obligation and public leadership on villagers’ frequency of wearing a mask when going out.

Variable Model 5 Model 6 Model 7 Model 8
Moral Obligation
General moral obligation 0.273 *** (0.051) 0.228 *** (0.069) 0.251 *** (0.069)
Sense of obligation 0.053 (0.074)
Personal satisfaction 0.050 (0.074)
Autonomy 0.159 ** (0.073)
Objectivity 0.085 (0.092)
Public Leadership
General public leadership 0.517 *** (0.054) 0.355 *** (0.065) 0.381 *** (0.066)
Influence force 0.253 *** (0.082)
Decision-making ability 0.174 * (0.096)
Executive ability 0.048 (0.099)
Creativity 0.073 (0.073)
Interaction Item
General moral obligation * General public leadership 0.108 ** (0.045)
Physical Condition
Distance to the county 0.307 *** (0.053) 0.280 *** (0.056) 0.297 *** (0.053)
Household Characteristics
Age 0.005 (0.006) 0.003 (0.006) 0.005 (0.006)
Education 0.006 (0.068) 0.008 (0.068) 0.001 (0.068)
Child or elderly person −0.008 (0.100) −0.020 (0.100) 0.013 (0.101)
Rules-in-Use
Publicity 0.080 (0.065) 0.087 (0.066) 0.072 (0.065)
Supervision 0.093 (0.077) 0.082 (0.082) 0.088 (0.077)
Punishment −0.026 (0.064) −0.027 (0.066) −0.023 (0.064)
Number of observations 533 533 533 533
LR χ2 174.92 211.68 216.60 217.49
Prob > χ2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Pseudo R2 0.1139 0.1379 0.1411 0.1417
Log likelihood −680.1534 −661.7778 −659.3132 −658.8722

Note: Standard errors are reported in parentheses. *** p < 0.01; ** p < 0.05; * p < 0.1.