Table 1.

NO donors and their effects on cytokines.

Drug	Effect	Reference
Nitrate esters	Inhibition of NF-kappaB-regulated macrophage polarization shift	[19]
SIN-1	Inhibition of IL-1 beta-mediated induction of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and VCAM-1 expression	[31]
Nitroxyl anion and nitroglycerin	Reduction of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and the cytokines monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and interleukin 6 (IL-6)	[72]
Nitroglycerin	Reduced plasma levels of C-reactive protein and sE-selectin	[73]
Nitroglycerin	No change in asymmetric dimethyl-arginine (ADMA), human soluble P-selectin, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and oxidized low-density lipoproteins in healthy volunteers	[74]
Nicorandil	Increased Mst1 and p-Mst1 levels in cardiomyocytes subjected to MI injury	[75]
Nicorandil	Inhibition of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88 (MyD88)-dependent nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling	[76]
Nicorandil	Inhibition of cyclic strain-induced IL-8 expression	[77]
Nicorandil	Reduced expression of 53 cytokines after percutaneous intervention in patients with coronary artery disease	[78]
Nicorandil	Inhibition of TNF-alpha in vitro	[79]
Nicorandil	Inhibition of the activation of NF-kappaB, expression of adhesion molecules, and cytokine production	[80]
Nicorandil	Inhibition of TNFalpha release from lymphocytes	[80]
Inorganic nitrate	Reduced systemic leukocyte rolling and adherence, circulating neutrophil numbers, neutrophil CD11b expression and myeloperoxidase activity	[29]