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. 2020 May 12;21:174. doi: 10.1186/s12882-020-01833-6

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 6 — BAI-LZM inhibits extracellular matrix accumulation via the TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway in rats with DN. The protein level of TGF-β1 was detected by (A) immunofluorescence and (B) immunohistochemistry (magnification, × 400). (C) The protein levels of TGF-β1, phosphorylated-Smad2/3, Smad2/3, Smad4, FN and collagen I were detected by western blotting. The level of SREBP-1 was detected by (C) immunohistochemistry (magnification, × 400) and (D) western blotting. Con, saline; DN, 65 mg/kg STZ; DN/B, 65 mg/kg STZ + 160 mg/kg/day BAI; DN/B + L, 65 mg/kg STZ + 160 mg/kg/day BAI-LZM. The results are representative of 3 independent experiments. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation ^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01 between the values in DN, DN/B and DN/B + L rats vs. the baseline levels (Con), as calculated by Student’s t test. ^#P < 0.05, ^##P < 0.01 between the DN and BAI/BAI-LZM treatment groups, as calculated by one-way analysis of variance. ^$P < 0.05, ^$$P < 0.01 between the BAI and BAI-LZM treatment groups, as calculated by one-way analysis of variance. P-values were calibrated using the Bonferroni correction. BAI-LZM, baicalin-lysozyme; DN, diabetic nephropathy; STZ, streptozotocin; Con, control; TGF, transforming growth factor