Table 3.
Dietary intakes in 1637 participants 30–75 year old of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (2006–2008) across quartiles of nutrient patterns *
| Pattern 1 | Pattern 2 | Pattern 3 | Pattern 4 | Pattern 5 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q 1(n = 407) | Q 4(n = 408) | Q 1(n = 408) | Q 4(n = 407) | Q 1(n = 408) | Q 4(n = 407) | Q 1(n = 408) | Q 4(n = 407) | Q 1(n = 408) | Q 4(n = 407) | |
| Energy (kcal) | 2526 ± 654 | 2337 ± 702 | 2107 ± 715 | 2398 ± 651† | 2456 ± 728 | 2366 ± 674 | 2378 ± 719 | 2351 ± 715 | 2543 ± 709 | 2311 ± 703‡ |
| Carbohydrates (% of energy) | 55.6 ± 7.9 | 60.3 ± 6.5† | 59.7 ± 8.0 | 56.3 ± 6.6† | 59.7 ± 7.4 | 58.3 ± 6.9 | 52.2 ± 6.5 | 63.5 ± 5.9† | 56.3 ± 7.9 | 60.9 ± 6.4† |
| Total protein (% of energy) | 12.2 ± 1.9 | 15.0 ± 2.2† | 12.6 ± 2.5 | 14.8 ± 2.0† | 13.2 ± 2.0 | 14.4 ± 2.4† | 12.8 ± 2.3 | 13.9 ± 2.3† | 13.4 ± 2.3 | 13.9 ± 2.5‡ |
| Total fat (% of energy) | 34.4 ± 7.6 | 27.9 ± 5.6† | 30.0 ± 8.0 | 31.5 ± 6.0‡ | 29.7 ± 7.2 | 30.4 ± 6.5 | 37.8 ± 6.3 | 24.6 ± 4.6† | 31.7 ± 7.8 | 29.1 ± 6.1† |
| Fiber (g/1000 kcal) | 14.9 ± 6.3 | 19.0 ± 6.5† | 17.5 ± 7.4 | 15.9 ± 6.0‡ | 14.6 ± 4.8 | 20.6 ± 7.9† | 15.1 ± 5.7 | 19.0 ± 9.2† | 17.1 ± 9.4 | 18.7 ± 5.6† |
| Grains (g/d) | 420 ± 195 | 527 ± 246† | 486 ± 260 | 412 ± 199† | 512 ± 274 | 477 ± 208‡ | 394 ± 204 | 575 ± 284† | 601 ± 278 | 374 ± 177† |
| Fruits (g/d) | 435 ± 350 | 343 ± 257† | 336 ± 284 | 382 ± 281‡ | 440 ± 338 | 375 ± 284 | 346 ± 270 | 395 ± 315‡ | 177 ± 112 | 646 ± 351† |
| Vegetables (g/d) | 308 ± 187 | 345 ± 241† | 269 ± 174 | 352 ± 228† | 287 ± 199 | 389 ± 212† | 327 ± 213 | 299 ± 244‡ | 214 ± 116 | 448 ± 256† |
| Dairy (g/d) | 553 ± 316 | 427 ± 265† | 201 ± 124 | 769 ± 299† | 456 ± 303 | 501 ± 305† | 431 ± 256 | 483 ± 326‡ | 507 ± 333 | 471 ± 290 |
| Red and processed meat (g/d) | 26.5(15.2–41.9) | 24.5(13.6–42.5) | 21.6(13.3–41.3) | 27.9(13.4–47.2) ‡ | 25.7(14.1–41.3) | 25.2(14.9–41.5) | 25.5(15.2–42.5) | 22.3(12.2–39.4) ‡ | 28.5(14.1–47.6) | 24.0(13.2–38.4) † |
| White meats (g/d) | 42.5(27.4–65.1) | 47.9(31.9–72.1) † | 42.1(26.1–67.3) | 45.6(31.5–65.9) | 44.9(30.2–68.1) | 47.9(32.8–70.4) ‡ | 45.4(27.9–66.3) | 42.8 (28.9–67.1) | 43.3(27.4–65.9) | 45.6(31.6–68.0) |
| Legume and nuts (g/d) | 16.4(9.9–27.7) | 20.1(10.4–37.3) † | 15.5(8.0–29.3) | 17.4(10.4–31.4) ‡ | 16.7(9.5–30.8) | 20.0(11.0–36.7) ‡ | 18.8(11.2–34.1) | 14.5(8.9–26.2) ‡ | 14.7(8.5–28.0) | 20.2(11.8–34.7) † |
| Sweets and simple sugars | 82.2(52.6–145.0) | 48.4(27.0–78.2) † | 62.4(38.1–103.2) | 51.6(29.3–84.5) ‡ | 67.4(37.7–122.0) | 56.3(31.5–90.2) † | 63.2(35.4–109.3) | 59.5(32.0–99.3) | 68.5(39.7–113.0) | 52.0(26.1–86.7) † |
*Data represented as mean ± SD or median (interquartile 25–75) and percent
P for trend: † < 0.001; ‡ < 0.05. P trend was calculated using general linear models