Table 4.
Multiple linear regression analysis evaluating the association between each quartile increase of nutrient patterns and changes in fasting blood sugar, systolic and diastolic blood pressure after three years of follow up in 1637 participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study
| Fasting blood sugar changes | Systolic blood pressure changes | Diastolic blood pressure changes | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| βa(95% CI) | P value | β (95% CI) | P value | β (95% CI) | P value | |
| Pattern 1 | ||||||
| Model1b | 0.894 (− 0.056, 1.843) | 0.065 | − 0.210 (− 0.750, 0.323) | 0.444 | − 0.149 (− 0.532, 0.234) | 0.446 |
| Model2c | 0.791 (− 0.159, 1.742) | 0.103 | − 0.336 (− 0.900, 0.167) | 0.178 | − 0.264 (− 0.643, 0.115) | 0.172 |
| Model3d | 0.659 (− 0.298, 1.615) | 0.177 | − 0.320 (− 0.817, 0.176) | 0.206 | − 0.205 (− 0.550, 0.140) | 0.243 |
| Pattern 2 | ||||||
| Model1b | − 0.221 (−1.163, 0.720) | 0.645 | − 0.205 (− 0.743, 0.334) | 0.456 | −0.110 (− 0.492, 0.273) | 0.574 |
| Model2c | −0.217 (− 1.157, 0.723) | 0.651 | − 0.195 (− 0.726, 0.337) | 0.472 | −0.114 (− 0.492, 0.263) | 0.552 |
| Model3d | −0.019 (− 0.973, 0.937) | 0.968 | −0.210 (− 0.710, 0.291) | 0.411 | −0.188 (− 0.536, 0.160) | 0.289 |
| Pattern 3 | ||||||
| Model1b | 0.146 (−0.804, 1.095) | 0.763 | 0.113 (−0.429, 0.655) | 0.683 | 0.056 (−0.328, 0.441) | 0.774 |
| Model2c | 0.152 (−0.795, 1.099) | 0.753 | 0.100 (−0.434, 0.634) | 0.713 | 0.059 (−0.328, 0.431) | 0.789 |
| Model3d | 0.140 (−0.806, 1.086) | 0.772 | 0.122 (−0.372, 0.615) | 0.629 | 0.068 (−0.275, 0.412) | 0.695 |
| Pattern 4 | ||||||
| Model1b | 0.064 (−0.889, 1.017) | 0.895 | −0.174 (− 0.719, 0.372) | 0.533 | − 0.150 (− 0.538, 0.238) | 0.448 |
| Model2c | 0.123 (− 0.828, 1.074) | 0.800 | − 0.113 (− 0.651, 0.425) | 0.680 | − 0.097 (− 0.479, 0.286) | 0.620 |
| Model3d | 0.047 (− 0.904, 0.999) | 0.922 | −0.147 (− 0.644, 0.351) | 0.563 | − 0.068 (− 0.414, 0.279) | 0.702 |
| Pattern 5 | ||||||
| Model1b | −0.026 (− 0.988, 0.935) | 0.957 | 0.085 (− 0.465, 0.635) | 0.762 | 0.036 (− 0.354, 0.426) | 0.857 |
| Model2c | −0.108(− 1.069, 0.853) | 0.825 | − 0.002 (− 0.545, 0.540) | 0.993 | −0.032 (− 0.417, 0.354) | 0.871 |
| Model3d | −0.166 (− 1.128, 0.796) | 0.735 | − 0.089 (− 0.592, 0.413) | 0.727 | − 0.099 (− 0.448, 0.250) | 0.579 |
a Beta regression coefficient; the positive β values indicated that higher adherence to nutrient patterns increases the changes in dependent variables and vice versa
bAdjusted for age and sex
cAdjusted for model 1 and body mass index, physical activity, and smoking (yes or no)
d Adjusted for model 2 and energy intake, education levels (under diploma, diploma and associate degree, bachelor and higher), marital status (single, married), and employment status (employed, unemployed). For blood pressure and fasting blood sugar changes, their corresponding values in baseline phase were adjusted