Table 2.
Baseline participant characteristics according to study group
| Variables | Usual care control group (n = 35) | Intervention Group (n = 51) | p value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Values | n | Values | ||||
| Socioeconomic variables | |||||||
| Age (years) | 35 | 55 | ± 13.5 | 51 | 52.0 | ± 14.3 | .251 |
| Monthly income per capita ($) | 35 | 250.00 | 155.00–316.66 | 51 | 250.00 | 157.20–375.00 | .612 |
| Education (years) | 35 | 4.0 | 3.0–11.0 | 51 | 8.0 | 4.0–11.0 | .072 |
| Occupation (%) | .283 | ||||||
| Fixed income | 22 | 62.9 | – | 26 | 51.0 | – | |
| Without fixed income | 13 | 37.1 | – | 25 | 49.0 | – | |
| Health variables | |||||||
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 7 | 20.0 | – | 11 | 21.6 | .883 | |
| Arterial hypertension (%) | 18 | 51.4 | 31 | 60.8 | .413 | ||
| Self-health perceptions (%) | .023 | ||||||
| Very good/Good | 24 | 68.6 | – | 22 | 43.1 | – | |
| Moderate/Poor/Very poor | 11 | 31.4 | – | 29 | 56.9 | – | |
| Body satisfaction (%) | .124 | ||||||
| Satisfied | 1 | 31.4 | – | 2 | 17.6 | – | |
| Not satisfied | 23 | 65.7 | – | 42 | 82.3 | – | |
| Attempted to lose weight in the last 6 months (%) | 25 | 71.4 | – | 41 | 80.4 | – | .613 |
| Physical exercise (twice a week or more) (%) | 34 | 97.1 | 49 | 96.1 | 0.793 | ||
| Stages of change (%) | |||||||
| Portion control | .913 | ||||||
| Pre-action | 10 | 28.6 | – | 14 | 27.4 | – | |
| Action | 25 | 71.4 | – | 37 | 72.5 | – | |
| Dietary fat intake | 0.574 | ||||||
| Pre-action | 4 | 11.4 | – | 4 | 7.84 | – | |
| Action | 31 | 88.6 | – | 47 | 92.2 | – | |
| Fruit and vegetable intake | .693 | ||||||
| Pre-action | 11 | 31.4 | – | 14 | 27.4 | – | |
| Action | 24 | 68.6 | – | 37 | 72.5 | – | |
| Physical activity | .013 | ||||||
| Pre-action | 14 | 40.0 | – | 8 | 15.7 | – | |
| Action | 21 | 60.0 | – | 43 | 84.3 | – | |
1t student test, 2Mann-Whitney test, 3Chi-square test, 4Fisher’s exact test. Symmetric variables: mean ± standard deviation. Asymmetric variables: median (P25-P75)