Figure 2.

Effects of berberine combined with stachyose on the balance of α‐ and β‐cells and expression of mucin‐2 in the ileum. (a) Immunofluorescent staining of glucagon and insulin. Glucagon is shown in green, and insulin in red. (b–d) Statistical analysis of the ratio of (b) glucagon‐positive area to total islet area, (c) insulin‐positive area to total islet area, and (d) insulin‐positive area to glucagon‐positive area. (e) Immunohistochemical staining of mucin‐2. Mucin‐2 is shown in brown, and the cell nucleus in blue. (f) Statistical analysis of mucin‐2. All representative images were taken at ×200 magnification. Data are expressed as mean ± SE; n = 6 for (a–d), n = 4 for (e) and (f). ***p < .01, *p < .05 versus Con, ^# p < .05 versus BBR. BBR, berberine; Con, diabetic control; Nor, healthy control; Sta, stachyose