Figure 6: A diagrammatic summary of evidence supporting (red) and contradicting (blue) the contributions of antibodies to the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-1.

Anti-S1 antibodies triggered upon infection may facilitate entry into immune cells at later stages of the infection if concentration is low. Replication happens but no virus is released. Consequential induction of cytokines are inconclusive, but if they occur, they are associated with severe disease. Roles of anti-S2 and anti-N antibodies are supported by binding observations. Items shown in grey are weaker evidence given as speculations in the literature.

A diagrammatic summary of evidence supporting (red) and contradicting (blue) the contributions of antibodies to pathogenesis.