Table 2.

Associations of Demographic Characteristics and Trauma Types With Lifetime PTSD by Gender and Veteran Status

	Women		Men
Variables	Veterans, OR (95% CI) (n=379)	Civilians, OR (95% CI) (n=20,007)	Veterans, OR (95% CI) (n=2,740)	Civilians, OR (95% CI) (n=12,975)
Age (5-year increments)	0.91 (0.80, 1.04)	0.91 (0.89, 0.93)	0.89 (0.83, 0.95)	0.95 (0.91, 1.00)
Race/ethnicity
Black, non-Hispanic	0.63 (0.20, 2.03)	0.70 (0.57, 0.87)	2.22 (1.25, 3.94)	1.03 (0.76, 1.41)
Other, non-Hispanic	2.81 (0.52, 15.28)	0.91 (0.58, 1.42)	2.20 (0.95, 5.11)	0.53 (0.29, 0.97)
Hispanic	0.35 (0.08, 1.47)	0.72 (0.59, 0.89)	1.39 (0.69, 2.80)	1.14 (0.82, 1.60)
Annual household income <$20,000	0.83 (0.28, 2.41)	1.47 (1.21, 1.78)	1.85 (1.10, 3.13)	1.51 (1.14, 1.99)
Not married/living with someone	2.21 (0.73, 6.74)	1.18 (1.01, 1.38)	1.53 (0.98, 2.40)	1.43 (1.06, 1.94)
No college	0.68 (0.18, 2.59)	1.17 (1.00, 1.36)	1.18 (0.76, 1.84)	1.44 (1.08, 1.92)
Sexual minority	0.36 (0.08, 1.64)	1.40 (0.99, 1.96)	1.18 (0.31, 4.53)	1.56 (0.96, 2.54)
Childhood abuse	2.21 (0.82, 5.96)	4.75 (4.01, 5.62)	3.92 (2.07, 7.43)	4.89 (3.71, 6.46)
Interpersonal violence	1.18 (0.52, 2.69)	4.00 (3.35, 4.77)	1.27 (0.77, 2.07)	2.42 (1.80, 3.25)
Combat or war zone	2.65 (0.83, 8.41)	0.99 (0.55, 1.76)	5.05 (3.60, 7.10)	1.38 (0.67, 2.83)
Serious/life-threatening illness or injury	2.60 (0.94, 7.21)	1.86 (1.55, 2.22)	2.32 (1.55, 3.47)	3.16 (2.38, 4.19)

Note: Referent group for race/ethnicity is non-Hispanic white. Reference groups for childhood abuse, interpersonal violence, combat or war zone, and serious/life-threatening illness or injury were those not reporting that they experienced the specific trauma. Boldface indicates statistical significance (p < 0.05).

PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder.