Table 3.
Unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratios for the risk of CKD progressiona according to baseline plasma biomarker levels
| Biomarker | Biomarker Alone | Adjusted Model (plus age, sex, glomerular diagnosis, BMI z-score, hypertension status) | Adjusted Model (plus log2 uPr/Cr) | Fully Adjusted Model (plus eGFR) | Bootstrap Results of Fully Adjusted Model | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI | |
| Overall (n=651), 223 events | ||||||||||
| KIM-1 | ||||||||||
| Quartile 1 | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. |
| Quartile 2 | 2.63 | (1.52 to 4.56) | 2.50 | (1.44 to 4.35) | 2.18 | (1.25 to 3.79) | 1.93 | (1.11 to 3.37) | 2.00 | (1.22 to 3.55) |
| Quartile 3 | 3.62 | (2.14 to 6.14) | 3.37 | (1.98 to 5.73) | 2.31 | (1.35 to 3.94) | 1.67 | (0.97 to 2.86) | 1.74 | (1.03 to 3.09) |
| Quartile 4 | 9.69 | (5.86 to 16.02) | 9.16 | (5.43 to 15.46) | 5.99 | (3.49 to 10.26) | 4.29 | (2.49 to 7.38) | 4.54 | (2.79 to 8.41) |
| MCP-1 | ||||||||||
| Quartile 1 | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. |
| Quartile 2 | 1.11 | (0.76 to 1.62) | 1.27 | (0.86 to 1.89) | 1.12 | (0.75 to 1.66) | 1.15 | (0.77 to 1.7) | 1.15 | (0.76 to 1.74) |
| Quartile 3 | 1.03 | (0.71 to 1.5) | 1.32 | (0.88 to 1.98) | 1.06 | (0.71 to 1.58) | 1.00 | (0.66 to 1.49) | 1.02 | (0.65 to 1.54) |
| Quartile 4 | 1.06 | (0.73 to 1.54) | 1.32 | (0.88 to 1.99) | 1.20 | (0.8 to 1.8) | 0.84 | (0.55 to 1.26) | 0.85 | (0.53 to 1.37) |
| TNFR-1 | ||||||||||
| Quartile 1 | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. |
| Quartile 2 | 1.91 | (1.03 to 3.54) | 2.34 | (1.26 to 4.37) | 2.11 | (1.13 to 3.93) | 1.43 | (0.75 to 2.72) | 1.49 | (0.78 to 2.89) |
| Quartile 3 | 4.75 | (2.71 to 8.31) | 7.09 | (3.98 to 12.63) | 5.05 | (2.83 to 9.01) | 3.01 | (1.63 to 5.56) | 3.07 | (1.76 to 6.38) |
| Quartile 4 | 10.40 | (6.06 to 17.85) | 15.81 | (9 to 27.75) | 9.65 | (5.45 to 17.08) | 4.14 | (2.11 to 8.11) | 4.19 | (2.03 to 9.31) |
| TNFR-2 | ||||||||||
| Quartile 1 | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. |
| Quartile 2 | 1.37 | (0.77 to 2.42) | 1.64 | (0.92 to 2.91) | 1.58 | (0.89 to 2.82) | 1.14 | (0.64 to 2.05) | 1.19 | (0.64 to 2.24) |
| Quartile 3 | 3.81 | (2.32 to 6.24) | 4.64 | (2.81 to 7.66) | 3.82 | (2.3 to 6.35) | 2.14 | (1.25 to 3.67) | 2.16 | (1.27 to 4.34) |
| Quartile 4 | 6.74 | (4.17 to 10.9) | 8.76 | (5.37 to 14.29) | 5.98 | (3.63 to 9.84) | 2.55 | (1.45 to 4.51) | 2.65 | (1.46 to 5.08) |
| suPAR | ||||||||||
| Quartile 1 | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. |
| Quartile 2 | 1.33 | (0.81 to 2.18) | 1.55 | (0.94 to 2.55) | 1.35 | (0.82 to 2.22) | 0.89 | (0.54 to 1.48) | 0.91 | (0.56 to 1.47) |
| Quartile 3 | 2.69 | (1.71 to 4.24) | 3.24 | (2.04 to 5.13) | 2.59 | (1.62 to 4.12) | 1.15 | (0.7 to 1.88) | 1.18 | (0.7 to 2.11) |
| Quartile 4 | 3.92 | (2.53 to 6.09) | 4.69 | (3 to 7.34) | 3.35 | (2.12 to 5.3) | 1.15 | (0.68 to 1.95) | 1.18 | (0.71 to 2.21) |
| YKL-40 | ||||||||||
| Quartile 1 | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. |
| Quartile 2 | 1.49 | (0.92 to 2.42) | 1.55 | (0.96 to 2.53) | 1.13 | (0.69 to 1.84) | 0.83 | (0.51 to 1.37) | 0.86 | (0.53 to 1.4) |
| Quartile 3 | 2.54 | (1.63 to 3.98) | 2.89 | (1.83 to 4.57) | 2.15 | (1.35 to 3.43) | 1.13 | (0.69 to 1.84) | 1.16 | (0.71 to 1.96) |
| Quartile 4 | 3.97 | (2.57 to 6.11) | 4.37 | (2.78 to 6.87) | 3.05 | (1.93 to 4.83) | 1.33 | (0.81 to 2.18) | 1.33 | (0.83 to 2.41) |
Data are presented as HR (95% CI). Adjusted for age, sex, glomerular diagnosis, BMI z-score, proteinuria/creatinine ratio, hypertension status, and baseline eGFR. uPr/Cr, urine protein/creatinine ratio; Ref. referent; suPAR, soluble urokinase receptor.
a
The primary outcome of CKD progression is defined as a composite of 50% decline in eGFR or ESKD.