FIG. 4.

Imprecision of rankings based on the degree ($k$, black squares), $k$-shell index ($k_S$, red circles), and node strength ($s$, blue triangles) evaluated at the optimal value of $a$ as a function of $p$ for nine real-world networks. The node strength provides a better measure for identifying influential spreaders. The real-world networks are (a) CA-Hep, (b) Astro, (c) Emailcontact, (d) PGP, (e) Blog, (f) AS, (g) Router, (h) Hamster, and (i) Netsci.