Table 1.
MMPI-2-RF Scales used in the current study
| Meaning of the scale | |
|---|---|
| Validity scales | |
| VRIN-r | Variable Response Inconsistency: Random responding |
| TRIN-r | True Response Inconsistency: Fixed responding |
| F-r | Infrequent Responses: Responses infrequent in the general population |
| Fp-r | Infrequent Psychopathology Responses: Responses infrequent in psychiatric populations |
| Fs-r | Infrequent Somatic Responses: Somatic complaints infrequent in medical patient populations |
| FBS-r | Symptom Validity: Non-credible somatic and cognitive complaints |
| L-r | Uncommon Virtues: Rarely claimed moral attributes or activities |
| K-r | Adjustment Validity: Uncommonly high level of psychological adjustment |
| RBS-r | Response Bias Scale: Cognitive response bias, overreporting of cognitive complaints |
| Higher-Order scales | |
| EID | Emotional/Internalizing Dysfunction: Problems associated with mood and affect |
| THD | Thought Dysfunction: Problems associated with disordered thinking |
| BXD | Behavioural/Externalizing Dysfunction: Problems associated with under-controlled behaviour |
| Restructured Clinical scales | |
| RCd | Demoralization: General unhappiness and dissatisfaction |
| RC1 | Somatic Complaints: Diffuse physical health complaints |
| RC2 | Low Positive Emotions: A distinctive, core vulnerability factor in depression |
| RC3 | Cynism: Non-self-referential beliefs that others are bad and not to be trusted |
| RC4 | Antisocial Behaviour: Rule breaking and irresponsible behaviour |
| RC6 | Ideas of Persecution: Self-referential beliefs that others pose a threat |
| RC7 | Dysfunctional Negative Emotions: Maladaptive anxiety, anger and irritability |
| RC8 | Aberrant Experiences: Unusual perceptions or thoughts associated with psychosis |
| RC9 | Hypomanic Activation: Over-activation, aggression, impulsivity and grandiosity |
| Interpersonal scales | |
| FML | Family Problems: Conflictual family relationships |
| IPP | Interpersonal Passivity: Being unassertive and submissive |
| SAV | Social Avoidance: Avoiding or not enjoying social events |
| SHY | Shyness: Bashful, prone to feel inhibited and anxious around others |
| DSF | Disaffiliativeness: Disliking people and being around them |
| Personality Psychopathology Five scales | |
| AGGR-r | Aggressiveness: Instrumental, goal-directed aggression |
| PSYC-r | Psychoticism: Disconnection from reality |
| DISC-r | Disconstraint: Under-controlled behaviour |
| NEGE-r | Negative Emotionality/Neuroticism: Anxiety, insecurity, worry and fear |
| INTR-r | Introversion/Low Positive Emotionality: Social disengagement and anhedonia |
From Gervais et al. (2007)