Fig. 5. N-AS-triggered SPMs improves phagocytic microglial function and the immune system in APP/PS1 mice brain.
a Colocalization of microglia (Iba1, red) with Aβ (ThioS, green) and quantification in cortex of APP/PS1 injected with vehicle and APP/PS1 injected with N-AS mice. Scale bars, 20 μm; 3D reconstruction from confocal image stacks scale bars, 15 μm (n = 6 mice per group). b Left, representative photomicrograph of live slice section incubated with fluorescent beads (green) in WT, APP/PS1, and APP/PS1 injected with N-AS mice. Scale bar, 10 μm. White arrow point to phagocytic microglia with fluorescent beads. Right, quantification of the number of microglial phagocytes normalized to the total number of microglia (n = 5–6 mice per group). c Left, gating strategy for detection of CD45hiCD11b+Gr-1-F4/80+MHCIIhi (Pro-inflammatory macrophage) and of CD45hiCD11b+Gr-1-F4/80+CD206hi (Anti-inflammatory macrophage) cells within brain cell populations. Right, graph displaying the calculated percentage of CD45hiCD11b+Gr-1-F4/80+MHCIIhi (Pro-inflammatory macrophage) and of CD45hiCD11b+Gr-1-F4/80+CD206hi (Anti-inflammatory macrophage) cells in WT, APP/PS1, and APP/PS1 treated with N-AS mice brain (n = 6 mice per group). d Left, gating strategy for detection of CD45+CD11b+Ly6ChiLy6G− monocyte within brain cell populations. Right, graph displaying the calculated percentage of CD45+CD11b+Ly6ChiLy6G− monocyte in WT, APP/PS1, and APP/PS1 treated with N-AS mice brain (n = 6 mice per group). e Left, gating strategy for detection of CD45+CD11b+Gr-1+ neutrophil and CD45+Ly6G+Gr-1+ neutrophil within brain cell populations. Right, graph displaying the calculated percentage of CD45+CD11b+Gr-1+ neutrophil and CD45+Ly6G+Gr-1+ neutrophil in WT, APP/PS1, and APP/PS1 treated with N-AS mice brain (n = 6 mice per group). f Left, histograms are representative of CD4+ T cell proliferation at brain. Right, graph displaying the calculated percentage of CD4+ T cell in WT, APP/PS1, and APP/PS1 treated with N-AS mice brain (n = 6 mice per group). g Left, histograms are representative of B220+ B proliferation at brain. Right, graph displaying the calculated percentage of B220+ B cell in WT, APP/PS1, and APP/PS1 treated with N-AS mice brain (n = 6 mice per group).All data analysis was performed on 9-months-old mice. a–g One-way analysis of variance, Tukey’s post hoc test. All error bars indicate s.e.m. Source data are provided as a Source data file.