Fig. 3.

PBMCsec downregulates antigen presentation pathways in CD1a⁺ and CD11c⁺ human skin cells. Human skin biopsies were treated ex vivo with vehicle or PBMCsec and used for scRNAseq. Unsupervised clustering together with established cell markers allowed identification of the major cell types present in skin, such as epidermal keratinocytes, fibroblasts, melanocytes, and various immune cells. Clustering was performed for (a) vehicle- and (b) PBMCsec-treated human skin. EC, endothelial cells; FB, fibroblasts; KC, keratinocytes. Expression levels of (c) CD1a and (d) ITGAX in the respective, identified cell clusters. Heights of violin blots indicate expression levels, while widths represent numbers of cells. Points represent individual cells. Genes significantly downregulated by PBMCsec were determined in (e) CD1a⁺ and (f) ITGAX⁺ cells and used to identify canonical pathways associated with these genes using IPA. Biological processes (nodes) are connected by common genes. Differentially regulated genes were identified by Wilcoxon rank sum test with Bonferroni correction for adjusted p values. N = 3 donors.