Table 2.

General characteristics of the included studies (N = 47)

Reference (year)	Design	Patients, n	Age (mean or median)	Disease	HRQOL instrument					MCID estimation method
					(n)	Instrument	Subscale/ dimension	Generic	Specific	Anchor-based	Distribution-based
Oncology
Kvam AK et al. (2010) [30]	Prospective	239	66	Multiple myeloma	1	EORTC QLQ-C30	–	–	×	×	–
Kvam AK et al. (2011) [31]	Prospective	239	66	Multiple myeloma	3	EORTC QLQ-C30 EQ-5D 15D	–	×	×	×	×
Maringwa J et al. (2011) [32]	Randomized / controlled clinical trials	941	52	Brain cancer	2	QLQ-C30 QLQ-BN20	–	–	×	×	×
Maringwa J et al. (2011) [33]	Randomized / controlled clinical trials	812	57	Lung cancer	1	QLQ-C30	–	–	×	×	×
Zeng L et al. (2012) [34]	Prospective	93	63.4	Cancer with bone metastases	2	EORTC QLQ-C30 EORTC QLQ-BM22	–	–	×	×	×
Jayadevappa et al. (2012) [35]	Prospective	602	63.3	Prostate Cancer	2	SF-36 ULCA PCI	–	×	×	×	×
Den Oudsten BL et al. (2013) [36]	Prospective	223 = early stag 383 = benign breast problems	52.9 58.6	Early-stage breast cancer	1	WHOQOL- 100	–	×	–	×	×
Hong F et al. (2013) [37]	Prospective	Group1 = 191 Group 2 = 436	49 56	Any type of cancer	1	EORTC QLQ-C30	–	–	×	×	–
Bedard G et al. (2014) [38]	Prospective	369	57.7	Advanced cancer	1	EORTC QLQ-C30	–	–	×	×	×
Binenbaum Y et al. (2014) [39]	Prospective	1011	57	Oral cavity and Oropharynx Cancer	2	UW-QOLQ EORTC QLQ-C30	–	–	×	–	×
Sagberg LM et al. (2014) [40]	Prospective	164	56	Intracranial glioma surgery	1	EQ-5D	–	×	–	×	×
Wong E et al. (2015) [41]	Prospective	99	60.6	Advanced cancer with brain metastases	1	EORTC QLQ-BN20	–	–	×	×	×
Bedard G et al. (2016) [42]	Prospective	276	65.1	Advanced cancer	1	EORTC QLQ-C15-PAL	–	–	×	×	×
Yoshizawa K et al. (2016) [43]	Retrospective	710	66.7	Chronic NonCancer Pain	1	EQ-5D	–	×	–	×	–
Raman S et al. (2016) [44]	Randomized phase III trial	204	67.5	Bone metastases	2	EORTC QLQ-BM22 EORTC QLQ-C15-PAL	–	–	×	×	×
Quinten C et al. (2018) [45]	Prospective	741 = surgery 683 = chemotherapy	56.18 52.08	Cancer undergoing chemotherapy or surgery	1	EORTC Global Health Status (GHS)	–	–	×	×	×
Kerezoudis P et al. (2018) [46]	Prospective	1254	57.4	Patients with Vestibular Schwannoma	1	PANQOL	–	–	×	×	×
Rheumatology/Musculoskeletal
Soer Rt al (2012) [47]	Prospective	151	51.9	Low back pain	1	EQ-5D	Categorical VAS	×	–	×	–
Parker SL et al. (2012) [48]	Retrospective	47	NR	Symptomatic pseudoarthrosis	2	SF-12 EQ-5D	SF-12 PCS	×	–	×	–
Parker SL et al. (2012) [49]	Retrospective	53	56.3	Revision surgery for same-level recurrent lumbar stenosis-associated back and leg pain	2	SF-12 EQ-5D	SF-12 PCS and MCS	×	–	×	–
Parker SL et al. (2013) [50]	Prospective	69	49.3	Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion	2	SF-12 EQ-5D	SF-12 PCS and MCS	×	–	×	–
Chuang LH et al. (2013) [51]	Clinical trial	Group1 = 121 Group 2 = 218	A = 45.5 GP = 48.1	Suspected internal derangement of the knee	1	KQoL-26	–	–	×	×	×
Díaz-Arribas MJ et al. (2017) [52]	Prospective	458	46.4	Low back pain	1	SF-12	PCS and MCS	×	–	×	–
Shi H et al. (2010) [53]	Prospective	67	70.2	Revision total hip arthoplasty	1	SF-36	–	×	–	–	×
Solberg T et al. (2013) [54]	Prospective	692	46	Lumbar disc herniation	1	EQ-5D	–	×	–	×	–
Carreon LY et al. (2013) [55]	Prospective	722 = primary procedures 333 = revision	60.8 50.9	Primary and revision lumbar fusion surgeries	1	SF-36	PCS	×	–	–	×
Asher AL et al. (2018) [56]	Prospective	441	62	Posterior lumbar surgery for grade I degenerative spondylolisthesis	1	EQ-5D	–	×	–	×	×
Neurology/Neurovascular
Kwakkenbos et al. (2013) [57]	Prospective	211	NR	Systemic sclerosis	2	SF-6D EQ-5D	–	×	–	×	–
Kohn CG et al. (2014) [58]	Cross-sectional	3044	56.8	Multiple sclerosis	1	EQ-5D	–	×	–	–	×
Zhou F et al. (2015) [59]	Prospective	113	57.6	Cervical spondylotic myelopathy	1	SF-36	PCS and MCS	×		×	–
Fulk GD et al. (2010) [60]	Prospective	36	60.9	Stroke	1	SIS-16	–	–	×	×	–
Frans FA (2014) [61]	Prospective	127	67	Critical Limb Ischemia	1	VascuQol	–	–	×	×	×
Kim SK et al. (2015) [62]	Prospective	487	68.3	Stroke	2	SF-6D EQ-5D	–	×	–	×	–
Chen P et al. (2016) [63]	Prospective	65	52.8	Stroke	1	EQ-5D	EQ-5D-5 L	×	–	×	×
Yuksel S et al. [2018] [64]	Prospective	185 = surgical patients 86 = nonsurgical patients	52.4 44.9	spinal deformity	1	SF-36	PCS and MCS	×	–	×	×
Psychiatry/Gastroenterology/Dermatology
Le QA et al. (2013) [65]	Randomized, controlled trial	200	37.5	Post-traumatic stress disorder	1	EQ-5D	–	×	–	×	×
Thwin SS et al. (2013) [66]	Randomized clinical trials	350	50.7	Schizophrenia	1	QOLS	–	–	×	×	–
Falissard B et al. (2015) [67]	Randomized	351	38.6	Schizophrenia	1	QLS	–	–	×	×	–
Stark RG et al. (2010) [68]	Cross-sectional	502	42	Bowel inflammatory disease	1	EQ-5D	–	×	–	×	–
Basra MK et al. (2015) [69]	Prospective	192	38.7	Inflammatory skin disease	1	DLQI	–	–	×	×	–
Pediatry
Modi AC et al. (2011) [70]	Cross-sectional	263	15.1	Obesity/weight	1	IWQOL-kids	–	–	×	–	×
Newcombe PA et al. (2011) [71]	Prospective	34	26.5 months	Pediatric Chronic Cough	1	PC-QOL	–	–	×	×	×
Hilliard ME et al. (2013) [72]	Prospective	5004	12.5	Diabetes type 1 and 2	1	PedsQL	–	–	×	–	×
Rhinology
Gravbrot N et al. (2018) [73]	Prospective	–	–	Patients undergoing transsphenoidal surgery	1	ASK Nasal-12	–	–	×	×	×
Hoehle LP et al. (2018) [74]	Prospective	203	54.1	Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS)	1	EQ-5D	HUV VAS	×	–	×	×
Pulmonary
Akaberi A et al. (2018) [75]	Prospective	82	49.4	Pulmonary embolism	1	PEmbQoL	–	–	×	×	×
More than one disease
Alanne S et al. (2015) [76]	Prospective	4903	60	16 diseases	1	15D	–	×	–	×	–

-: Not used; × used, MCID minimal clinically important difference