Table 2.
Differences between Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) sum scores and scores from scales 5, 6, 8, and 9 by group at baseline (T0) and follow-up visits (T1), including effect estimates by group adjusted for baseline value and two-level structure .
| Measures | Intention-to-treat analysis, T1–T0 scores | Per-protocol analysis, T1–T0 scores | |||||||||||
| Intervention group | Control group | Total | Intervention group | Control group | Total | ||||||||
| HLQ sum score (primary endpoint) |
|
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|
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Complete observations, n | 50 | 55 | 105 | 29 | 43 | 72 | ||||||
|
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Mean (SD) | 0.18 (0.34) | 0.15 (0.39) | 0.17 (0.37) | 0.24 (0.36) | 0.12 (0.34) | 0.17 (0.35) | ||||||
|
|
Median | 0.16 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.20 | 0.14 | 0.15 | ||||||
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Minimum, maximum | –0.35, 1.25 | –1.35, 1.25 | –1.35, 1.25 | –0.31, 1.25 | –1.35, 0.80 | –1.35, 1.25 | ||||||
|
|
Effect estimate | 0.18 | 0.15 |
|
0.22 | 0.11 |
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|
|
SE | 0.05 | 0.05 |
|
0.07 | 0.06 |
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|
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P value | .001 | .005 |
|
.002 | .07 |
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|
95% CI | 0.07 to 0.28 | 0.05 to 0.25 |
|
0.09 to 0.36 | –0.01 to 0.23 |
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| Scale 5: Appraisal of health information (four scale values) |
|
|
|
|
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Complete observations, n | 50 | 56 | 106 | 29 | 44 | 73 | ||||||
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Mean (SD) | 0.11 (0.44) | 0.16 (0.55) | 0.13 (0.50) | 0.09 (0.47) | 0.08 (0.53) | 0.09 (0.50) | ||||||
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Median | 0.00 | 0.20 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||||
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Minimum, maximum | –1.00, 1.60 | –1.20, 1.80 | –1.20, 1.80 | –1.00, 1.60 | –1.20, 1.80 | –1.20, 1.80 | ||||||
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Effect estimate | 0.16 | 0.11 |
|
0.12 | 0.06 |
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|
|
SE | 0.06 | 0.06 |
|
0.08 | 0.06 |
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|
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P value | .01 | .05 |
|
.13 | .32 |
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95% CI | 0.04 to 0.28 | –0.00 to 0.23 |
|
–0.04 to 0.28 | –0.06 to 0.19 |
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| Scale 6: Ability to actively engage with health care providers (five scale values) |
|
|
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Complete observations, n | 50 | 57 | 107 | 29 | 44 | 73 | ||||||
|
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Mean (SD) | 0.86 (0.93) | 0.93 (0.98) | 0.90 (0.95) | 0.99 (0.76) | 0.88 (0.96) | 0.92 (0.88) | ||||||
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Median | 0.88 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 1.00 | 0.70 | 0.80 | ||||||
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Minimum, maximum | –2.40, 3.00 | –0.80, 3.20 | –2.40, 3.20 | –0.60, 3.00 | –0.80, 3.20 | –0.80, 3.20 | ||||||
|
|
Effect estimate | 0.81 | 0.95 |
|
0.95 | 0.86 |
|
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|
|
SE | 0.11 | 0.11 |
|
0.13 | 0.11 |
|
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|
|
P value | <.001 | <.001 |
|
<.001 | <.001 |
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|
95% CI | 0.58 to 1.03 | 0.73 to 1.17 |
|
0.69 to 1.21 | 0.63 to 1.09 |
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| Scale 8: Ability to find good health information (five scale values) |
|
|
|
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Complete observations, n | 50 | 56 | 106 | 29 | 44 | 73 | ||||||
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Mean (SD) | –0.41 (0.70) | –0.36 (0.89) | –0.38 (0.81) | –0.30 (0.51) | –0.34 (0.84) | –0.33 (0.72) | ||||||
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Median | –0.30 | –0.20 | –0.20 | –0.20 | –0.20 | –0.20 | ||||||
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Minimum, maximum | –2.40, 1.00 | –3.40, 2.20 | –3.40, 2.20 | –1.20, 1.00 | –3.40, 1.20 | –3.40, 1.20 | ||||||
|
|
Effect estimate | –0.40 | –0.41 |
|
–0.33 | –0.39 |
|
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|
|
SE | 0.13 | 0.13 |
|
0.17 | 0.14 |
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|
|
P value | .003 | .002 |
|
.05 | .009 |
|
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|
|
95% CI | –0.66 to –0.14 | –0.66 to –0.15 |
|
–0.66 to 0.00 | –0.68 to –0.10 |
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| Scale 9: Understand health information well enough to know what to do (five scale values) |
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|
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Complete observations, n | 50 | 56 | 106 | 29 | 43 | 72 | ||||||
|
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Mean (SD) | 0.18 (0.62) | –0.06 (0.70) | 0.05 (0.67) | 0.18 (0.63) | –0.08 (0.68) | 0.02 (0.67) | ||||||
|
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Median | 0.20 | –0.20 | 0.00 | 0.20 | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||||
|
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Minimum, maximum | –1.20, 2.00 | –2.80, 1.60 | –2.80, 2.00 | –0.80, 2.00 | –2.80, 1.40 | –2.80, 2.00 | ||||||
|
|
Effect estimate | 0.12 | –0.02 |
|
0.13 | –0.09 |
|
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|
|
SE | 0.09 | 0.08 |
|
0.12 | 0.10 |
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|
|
P value | .15 | .83 |
|
.29 | .39 |
|
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|
|
95% CI | –0.05 to 0.30 | –0.18 to 0.14 |
|
–0.11 to 0.37 | –0.30 to 0.12 |
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