Table 1.
Characteristics of studies included in the systematic review
| STUDY | Location | Study type | Age (y) Mean ± SD | No. of participants | Gravidity of participants | Treatment onset | Intervention with dosage | Control with dosage | Duration of first stage of labour Mean ± SD | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HBB | Placebo | HBB | Placebo | HBB | Placebo | |||||||
| Iravani 2006 [21] | Iran | RCT | NA | NA | 50 | 50 | Primigravidas | 4 cm dilatation and 50% cervical effacement | HBB 20 mg (1 ml) intravenously | Normal saline 1 ml intravenously | 166.56 ± 12.85 | 255.98 ± 25.21 |
| Samuels 2007 [14] | West Indies, Jamaica | RCT | 25.0 ± 6.0 | 26.9 ± 6.2 | 60 | 69 | Primi- and multigravida | 4–5 cm dilatation | HBB 20 mg (1 ml) intravenously | Normal saline 1 ml intravenously | 156 ± 121.08 | 228 ± 121.08 |
| Makvand 2010 | Iran | RCT | NA | NA | 65 | 65 | Primigravidas | Established labour,3–4 cm dilatation | 20 mg Rectal Suppository HBB | 1 Rectal Suppository placebo | 141.02 ± 81.86 | 230.09 ± 169.58 |
| Al Qahtan 2011 [34] | Saudi Arabia | RCT | 23.9 ± 4.04 | 24.4 ± 5.36 | 52 | 45 | Primigravidas | Established labour,3–4 cm dilatation | 2 mL HBB (40 mg) intramuscularly | 2 mL normal saline intramuscularly | 165 ± 67 | 214 ± 79 |
| Sekhavat 2012 [20] | Iran | RCT | 26.1 ± 5.4 | 26.9 ± 4.8 | 94 | 94 | Multigravidas | 3–4 cm dilatation | HBB 20 mg (1 ml) intravenously | Normal saline 1 ml intravenously | 186.8 ± 125.6 | 260.4 ± 120.9 |
| Al-Khishali 2012 [31] | Iraq | RCT | 25.9 ± 5.2 | 25.7 ± 5.5 | 100 | 100 | Primi- and multigravida | 3–4 cm dilatation | HBB 20 mg (1 ml) intravenously | Normal saline 1 ml intravenously | 167.7 ± 76.2 | 193.8 ± 58.0 |
| Alani 2012 [30] | Iraq | RCT | 27.62 ± 4.179 | 27.62 ± 3.771 | 130 | 130 | Multigravidas | 4 cm dilatation | HBB 40 mg (2 ml) intravenously | Normal saline2 ml intravenously | 142.69 ± 44.30 | 258.00 ± 23.223 |
| Treviño-Salinas 2015 [25] | Mexico | RCT | 25.65 ± 6.555 | 25.37 ± 6.98 | 43 | 43 | Primi- and multigravida | 4 cm dilatation Or more | 20 mg of BBH (diluted in 9 ml of saline soalution) intravenously on two occasions with an interval of 1 h | 10 ml of saline solution intravenously on two occasions with an interval of 1 h | 151.186 ± 84.657 | 139.93 ± 92.484 |
| Kirim 2015 [10] | Turkey | RCT | 25.90 ± 6.11 | 26.18 ± 5.31 | 197 | 185 | Primi- and multigravida | dilatation of 4 cm and 50% cervical effacement | HBB 20 mg (1 ml) intravenously | Normal saline 1 ml intravenously | 191.13 ± 43.06 | 248.21 ± 66.16 |
| Edessy 2015 [16] | Egypt | RCT | 22.5 ± 1.91 | 22.3 ± 1.49 | 44 | 42 | Primigravidas | 4–5 cm dilatation | HBB 20 mg (1 ml) intravenously | Normal saline 1 ml intravenously | 138 ± 37.2 | 186 ± 46.8 |
| Bashir 2016 [15] | Pakistan | RCT | NA | NA | 54 | 54 | Primi- and multigravida | 4 cm or more cervical dilation | HBB 20 mg (1 ml) intravenously | Normal saline 1 ml intravenously | 178.98 ± 92.44 | 214.74 ± 147.44 |
| Shirazi 2016 [19] | Iran | RCT | 27(4.56) | 27.4(3.94) | 30 | 30 | Primi- and multigravida (until G4) | The active phase of labor | HBB 40 mg (2 ml) intravenously | Normal saline 2 ml intravenously | 426 ± 279 | 639 ± 237.6 |
| Narappagari 2016 [33] | Puducherry | RCT | 24.62 ± 3.53 | 24.67 ± 3.91 | 100 | 100 | Primi- and multigravida | Cervical dilatation of 3–4 cm | HBB 20 mg (1 ml) intravenously | Normal saline 1 ml intravenously | 114 ± 75 | 182 ± 88 |
| Imaralu 2017 [17] | Nigeria | RCT | 28.03 ± 4.79 | 28.33 ± 5.34 | 80 | 80 | Primi- and multigravida (until G4) | Cervical dilatation of 4 cm | HBB 20 mg (1 ml) intravenously | Normal saline 1 ml intravenously | 365.11 ± 37.32 | 388.46 ± 51.65 |
| Kandil 2017 [18] | Egypt | RCT | 23.78 ± 2.65 | 23.21 ± 2.80 | 55 | 55 | Primigravidas | The active phase of labor | HBB 40 mg (2 ml) intramuscularly | Normal saline 2 ml intramuscularly | 208.16 ± 17.24 | 258.16 ± 15.27 |
| Namaziyan 2017 [35] | Iran | RCT | NA | NA | 150 | 150 | Primigravidas | Dilatation of 4 cm and 30–40% cervical effacement | 20 mg HBB (1 ml) and 2 cc distilled water intravenously | 3 cc water distilled intravenously | 405.36 ± 108 | 350.87 ± 210 |
| Phahlavani-Sheikhi 2017 [22] | Iran | RCT | NA | NA | 55 | 50 | Primigravidas | Dilatation of 4 cm | HBB 40 mg (2 ml) intravenously | Normal saline 2 ml intravenously | 181 ± 59.1 | 208.2 ± 48.5 |
| Barau 2018 [24] | Nigeria | RCT | 29.9 ± 4.9 | 30.2 ± 4.8 | 59 | 64 | Primi- and multigravida | Dilatation of 4–5 cm | HBB 20 mg (1 ml) intravenously | Normal saline 1 ml intravenously | 279.1 ± 134.0 | 269.3 ± 135.9 |
| Maged 2018 [36] | Egypt | RCT | 24.15 ± 3.82 | 24.43 ± 3.73 | 40 | 40 | Primigravidas | Dilatation of 3–4 cm and 50% cervical effacement | HBB 20 mg (1 ml) + 1 ml saline intravenously | Normal saline 2 ml intravenously | 187.73 ± 20.92 | 231.39 ± 33.14 |
| Ibrahim 2019 [32] | Nigeria | RCT | 27 ± 5 | 25 ± 3 | 102 | 102 | Primi- and multigravida | Dilatation of 4 cm | HBB 40 mg (2 ml) intravenously | Normal saline 2 ml intravenously | 344 ± 131 | 412 ± 175 |